The winch is a plant from the family of amaranth class of dwoom. On its foliage, white spots are visible, with the color of which and the name is associated with its name, and it is also compared with the swan - hence the name.
Recently, she was considered "harmful" weed and mercilessly fought with her garden sites. However, it is very difficult to deal with it, because for the season, one plant forms about 10,000 seeds, which by self-sowed applies throughout the plot. But suddenly it was found that it possesses a number of useful and healing properties, and the winch was ranked to the category of medicinal herbaceous plants.
But drugs are not all its kinds. Therefore, you need to know which of the types of swans can be eaten or prepare healing drinks from them.
However, in the old days, this plant actively used food, as the Swan was well quenched hunger and saved during the periods, when there was no other meal. Moreover, people of different nationalities used it in food and noted that the winch gives a feeling of satiety.
Origin
The main types occurred from the center and the west of North America and Australia.
Name
(Átriplex) - the yield of dicotyledonous plants of the amarantic family ( AMARANTHACEAE.).
Description
The winch is a grassy annual, in the wild there are over 90 of her species. Most varieties of foliage can be green with a gray shade or emerald. However, there are decorative varieties of this annual, the leaves and the stems of which have a beautiful gentle - yellow or crimson-red color. The most attractive is the Red Swan, which is planted on the flower beds, completing the blooming perennials and annuals, landscape designers use it for the design of park areas, and in flower stores, when drawing up bouquets, this is a beautiful plant.
There are annual, perennial varieties of swans, shrubs or semi-staples. In the height of annuals can reach 0.9 - 1.0 m. Stems - reply.
The foliage is located alternately, leafy plates are solid. A silver shade hairs are growing on the swan, so its foliage and stems look sprung by flour.
All its varieties are one-bedroom, so men's and female flowers flourish on them. Their color is greenish, imperceptible. Flowers are collected in inflorescences of a blurred shape. The flowering of Swan begins in the spring and lasts most of the summer, the fruits in the form of nuts appear from mid-August to the second decade of October.
For use in food and preparation of drugs, only Lebada Garden is used. It is grown specifically in garden sites, then use in everyday life. Garden Swan (photos of plants) can be seen in books on the botany.
It is usually equipped with an overhead part of the swan at that time when buds begin to appear on it. For drying, foliage and stems are laid out with a thin layer under a canopy or in well ventilated rooms. You can dry the plants entirely, shredding foliage or rubbing powder. Usually dried raw materials do not store the longest year. But the foliage of the "wild spinach" is also frozen for the winter, marinate, salted, and also Quasse.
Chemical composition and beneficial properties of the plant
The following "Wild Spinach" found the following active substances:
- vitamins C, E, P, PP;
- more than 15 amino acids, some of which are not produced in our organisms, and can only be obtained from outside with food;
- macro and trace elements;
- acid organic origin;
- essential oils;
- saponins;
- cellulose;
- pectin;
- proteins.
First of all, it should be reminded that this annual helps to satisfy hunger, gives a feeling of satiety. In addition, adding it to different dishes Or I use raw food, you can strengthen the body, strengthen the immune system.
BUT B. folk medicine With the help of various discharge-based drugs, some diseases are treated.
Infusions with this plant are used for external use in the treatment of skin diseases, mucous membranes oral cavity, For better healing of wounds, relieving the inflammation of the joints during rheumatism.
Various swan-based drugs are used to treat diseases in the upper respiratory tract, improving the operation of the digestive tract, the fight against stress, with depressive state or at neurosis.
Wild spinach is used to clean the vessels, for the prevention of heart disease, in particular, infarction.
Although this healing annual and is considered weed, but various drugs based on it possess the following properties:
- remove inflammation;
- promote rapid healing of wounds;
- purify the digestive tract and vessels from harmful substances;
- diuretic;
- choleretic;
- help to remove the wet from the bronchi and the lungs;
- strengthen the body as a whole and the immune system in particular;
- possess a soothing effect.
Another use of wild spinach
This annual is widely used in our lives. It is not only used as a drug, but also for the preparation of various dishes: Spring salads with swan are a source of vitamins and mineralsSo the necessary organism after a long winter. Soups and borsha also acquire an unusual taste if the leaves of the Swan are added in them. Adding swan powder when baking bakery products allows them to be stored longer, and also adds beneficial properties.
Of the various varieties of wild spinach prepare fertilizers rich in easily digestible nitrogen.
Also, this annual is used as food for cattle livestock and birds.
Using wild spinach in folk medicine (recipes)
There are many recipes in which the winch is used, and for many diseases, the prepared infusions or decoctions are used.
For the treatment of complex wounds and get rid of fuss
An efficient external means for pulling in pus and healing of wounds is the freshly squeezed juice of wild spinach. Since there are active substances with a bactericidal effect as part of the swans, its juice kills putrefactive bacteria and cures various skin diseases. From the wild spinach squeeze juice on a clean napkin and apply it to a sore place. To keep such a compress should be at least 1 - 2 hours. If the pus begins to move hard, similar bandages are replaced as they are dirty. Such marks are remarkably help inflammatory processes Under the nails of the fingers and legs.
Use of swans during constipation
For the treatment of constipation (including regular), an empty stomach before breakfast is 1/4 cup of freshly squeezed juice of this dosage annual. And to normalize the operation of the digestive tract and the prevention of constipation, the Swan must add to salads and other dishes.
Preparation of infusions for rinse
1 tablespoon of dry (or fresh) swan herbs are brewed with boiling water (200 mg) and insist for 5 to 10 minutes, then filtered. The inflamed mucous membranes of the oral cavity should be rinsed with such an infusion at least 4 - 5 times a day. A similar infusion has a useful property - strengthens the gums and reduces their bleeding.
Possible contraindications and harm swan
However, not everyone should abuse frequent use of Swan. If you constantly use for cooking from flour, cooked from the "wild spinach" seeds, aggravates the chronic diseases of the digestive tract and the nervous system. With urolithiasis or in the presence of stones in bile bubble Also should not be eaten by Swan.
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She was not lucky with us. The name of this plant is usually rhymes with the word "trouble". Because the association it is not too pleasant.
This is understandable. Firstly, quinoa - malicious weed growing in gardens, gardens, in the fields and on the roadside roads almost all over the world (there are more than 100 species of this plant of the Marcheov family). Secondly, Swanchie ate during wars and fault. Its ground fruits were added to rye flour and baked bread (the proportion depended on the presence of the other). Bread was obtained by bitter, black - similar to Earth. He was rude, quickly worried, crunched on his teeth and rushed his throat. From such bread, the belly was sick, people loose, pale, but ... survived. Therefore, they said: "It's not a misfortune, since the rye of the Swan, two troubles, when neither rye nor swans." And, as the connoisseur of the cuisine history William Pokhlebkin, the name of the city of Lebedyan and even the surname of Lebedev did not happen from the name of the proud bird, namely from this weed, but saving grass.
And in Europe, the Swanchi, also more than once saving peoples from extinction, called bonne-Dame ("Pleasant Woman" - Franz.) And der Gute Heinrich. ("Good Henry" - it.). True, not weighing plants were used more often, but swan garden (Atriplicis Herba.), the form cultivated from time immemorial.
More Ancient Greeks and Romans sowed it on their gardens. Later spinach (by the way, also related to the family mareva, as beet and chard ) I strongly fled the Swan. But not supplanted at all. And now there you can meet the landing of swans with leaves and stems of red, yellow and green, whose varieties are called respectively " Garden red", "Garden yellow"And" Garden green". Young leaves and shoots of this plant are very nutritious, rich in protein protein (they are even compared with the products of animal origin), ascorbic acid, routine, mineral salts (especially potassium) and other substances useful for the body.
At the same time, the swan is almost tasteless and does not smell. Her leaves like leaves spinach , boiled, make them vegetable cutlets, add to ox jacks, soups, bvigny, salads. The plant and folk medicine use - as a gastric agent, and the fresh leaves are applied to the wounds. In addition, there are decorative varieties - with purple, red, motley leaves.
It's not difficult to grow a Swan. It is cold-resistant, not demanding of soil fertility, drought-resistant (though, with a continuous drought, its leaves become small and rude).
This annual grows quite quickly. Therefore, the seeds are seeded in early spring in open ground, and then with an interval in two weeks they make repeated crops to always have fresh greens at hand. Shoots are thinned in phase 3-4 of real leaves, leaving the distance between them 25-30 cm.
Swan care lies in loosening, weeding, watering. The harvest is cleaned after 20-25 days either overlooking the leaves, or pulling the plants entirely, without giving them to be saming. Otherwise you have to collect a Swan all over the garden.
Cold-resistant, not demanding of soil fertility, drought-resistant.
Associations, with the word of the Swan, arise to put it mildly not good. Gardeners know how hard to get rid of such a harmful weed, because the swan is growing everywhere: in the gardens, in the gardens, along the roadside, in the fields. And earlier it was often used as a meal. In the war years, this plant saved very many people from death. In France, it even got the name "Bonne-Dame", which is translated as a "pleasant lady."
Description and beneficial properties of the plant
Red Swan, Garden, French Salad, Mountain - This plant has many titles. But it is precisely this kind of kind of win of the amaranth family of the family cultivated as a vegetable culture.
The garden of the garden has a branching space-standing stem, reaching a length of almost up to two meters. The leaves of the plant are oblong, a little sour taste have a different color. Flowers, to the tone of the leaves, are also either greenish or reddish. And the seeds are black in a creamy shell, retain the ability to reproduce as many as three years.
It grows such a grass in Europe and Asia. A little later was listed and spread over the USA, Canada, New Zealand and Australia.
In the old days, the seeds of the Swan were smeared during the lambers of the Seeds of the Swan and added to the baking. Now no one knows what this bread looks like. It is said that he strongly resembled the Earth: there was a rude and worn, Dral throat and crush on the teeth. In some cases, caused intestinal and gastric pain. But be that as it may, it was thanks to this bread that people survived.
We began to grow a Swan for a long time. She was sowed yet in Ancient Rome and Greece. Even now you can find bright multicolored planting plants with red, yellow and green leaves. From where the name goes from the name: Garden red, gorgeous green and garden red.
Garden swan has a little stralying, like spinach with taste and practically no smell. This grass is rich in saponins and alkaloids. Contains a large amount, and essential oils. Posted in this plant oxalic acid, nutritious vitamin complexrepresented, and others. Seeds contain, sugar and protein.
Saponins act very well on the female organism, normalize the synthesis of hormones. These substances also have an impact on nervous system: They effectively remove the stressful state, eliminate depression, soothe.
It is believed that saponins help to normalize metabolic processes, improve the condition for diseases of the urinary system and liver.
In folk medicine, decoction and climbers from swan are widely used to treat skin diseases and blood purification. Often such a plant is used to remove warts.
Grass Swan Sadovaya has antibacterial properties and a diuretic effect. Apply it to strengthen the immunity and restore the protective properties of the body.
The influenza is basic with inflammatory processes on the basis of this plant, and the decoctions are well helped with a strong cough, accompanied by the release of sputum.
It helps and when gouging, removing the swelling from the legs. With the help of swans you can get rid of constipation, since its seeds have a laxative effect.
For a long time, such a plant is used as a powerful hemostatic agent and used for wound healing and burns.
Contraindications to the use of swans are:
- pregnancy period;
- individual intolerance to the components included in the plant;
- urol and bile disease;
- ulcerative diseases, gastritis and colitis.
This plant is used and in culinary purposes. Soups are made from it, which add it instead. The plant is used as an additive to salads and vegetable garniram. From plant seeds, you can cook a wonderful porridge on, and add them to various marinades and frbs.
And in France it is put even in various casseroles and soufflies.
In addition to all this, the winch is a very beautiful plant and it is often used in decorative purposes to decorate the household plot, garden or garden.
Growing Swan and Plant Care
The warmed of the most unpretentious plant from all the most famous. She even grows by itself as weed grass. The winch grows in any soil, it must not be fertile for this and survives in almost any climate.
The reproduction of the plant occurs with the help of seeds that are immediately planted into the open ground or soaked before planting for several days.
Usually source from the end of spring and up to mid-summer. At the same time, it is advisable to eat well to the soil and landing the Swan on a well-lit garden or garden.
Seeds are plugged into a couple of centimeters, observing the distance between the bushes about forty-forty-five centimeters. Literally on the fifth-sixth day, the first sprouts of the plant appear. It is advisable to quench the Swan as it is growth so that it formed a large number of leaves. If you need to grow seeds, then it is necessary to leave it in length. Then the fruits grow rumbling and collect them much easier.
Finally
The winch is a fairly common plant in our latitudes. It grows almost in any climate and under any conditions. It is often used such a plant in decorative purposes, and due to its valuable chemical composition - and in medical. The winch contains a large amount of protein, therefore it is a rather nutritional product. Not in vain, she was taken in the hungry and postwar years. Now it is successfully applied in cooking for the manufacture of first and second dishes, salads and even desserts.
The aunt of the Dusya, like many Leningraders, in particular my parents, during the blockade was saved. "It's not a misfortune, since the rye of the Swan, two misfortunes, when neither rye, no swans," she often said. My mother's girl in the spring and in the summer of 1942 was collected by the Swan on the shores of the River Karpovka, and the grandmother did from it the cutlets with a swarm.
I have repeatedly heard from the people of the older generation that the pies with the usual swan are very tasty, but I tried to make a stuffing on one pate herself - I did not like it. Mild, unplaced, but, perhaps, satisfying. Garden swan - a plant from the family of amaranth (marma).
For most gardens, it is associated with an ubiquitous weed, which grows around the world. There are many types of swans, and they are all edible. Perhaps someday a monument will be delivered to this modest plant. After all, it has repeatedly saved humanity from hunger at all times of wars and lags: from the seeds of the Swan baked bread or add them to rye and wheat, made of leaves, made a filling for pirogors, cooked soups.
Now in the gardens plant a garden swan. She has other names: Mountain Spinach, French Salad, Swiss Mangold. Especially good red swan, which is like decorative plant Great decorate garden flower beds. Young leaves and swan shoots are very nutritious and rich in protein protein, in their composition close to chicken.
The winch contains vitamins, ascorbic acid, mineral salts (especially potassium), as well as rutin. In its yield, she surpasses spinach, it is smaller than in spinach; sorvalic acid making it truly dietary product. In addition, it is less than spinach, accumulates different nitrates. The winch does not have a pronounced taste and smell, so its use is universally.
Sort
On sale there are the following grades of garden swan: Garden yellow, garden red, gorgeous green.
Agrotechnika
Rim the Swan is completely easy. It is cold-resistant, not demanding of soil fertility, drought-resistant (though, with a continuous drought, its leaves become small and rude). This annual grows quite quickly. Reaches a height of 60-70 cm, but the best results show on fertile soils. Seeds are seeded in early spring in open ground, and then with an interval in two weeks they make repeated crops to always have fresh greens at hand. Soldering Soldiers Phase 3-4 of real leaves, leaving the distance between them 25-30 cm. The climbing is loin, weeding and periodic irrigation.
Collection and storage
The crop is cleaned after 20-25 days. From the plants, leave the leaves and young shoots or pull the plant entirely, so as not to give the seeds to mature. Like any weed, the winch can aggressively sing the entire garden. The leaves of the Red Swan can be salt like cabbage, as well as add in all sining, put in borschy, where they replace beets, green soup and okroshka, dry for tea, cook puree and make cutlets from the tops. Leaves and inflorescences are decorated with finished dishes. Red juice as a food dye can also twist alcoholic beverages, kisins, compotes. Ground seeds are added to flour when baking bread.
Swan Sadovaya - Annual Salad Spinach Plant Family Marchers. Culture is known for a long time. It was grown in ancient Greece, Rome and Western Europe.
Garden Swan and its types
Swan garden has several forms:
- With light yellow and green coloring stems and leaves are grown as a salad culture
- With red leaves and stems grown as decorative
The stem replacing, reaches 180 cm of height. The leaves in the rosette of a triangular, oval shape, the upper leaves of lancetons, one-piece, flowers are located on the central stem and side shoots, are collected in the blurred inflorescences. The fruit of the seed is located between two greenish-yellow bracts.
Salad swan
Types of plants
Salad Swan - cold-resistant, unable to ensure moisture and soil fertility. Grows on weakly-free soils, tolerates drought well. IN production conditions Not grown. It is cultivated by amateur gardeners.
Food is used by the leaves of young plants in the rosette stage or at the beginning of the appearance of shoots. Of the gentle leaves are preparing a okrochka, green soup. Of the young leaves boiled on milk prepared porridge.
How to plant a Swan
Lebede is grown with a salad seed seed into the ground with a strokes of 45-70 cm and the distance between the plants in a row of 88-10 cm. Seeds are seeded early in spring or under winter. To extend the arrival of fresh leaves, repeated crops are carried out. Commercial ripeness occurs on October 28 - 40, when the plant reaches a height of 25 - 30 cm.
Landing of swan
Note: Store at 2-6 degrees of heat 8-10 days. The transportability is good.
To obtain Swan's seeds, Salad Sail on the same time and with the same aislers. Seeds close up in the soil at a depth of 2-3 cm. Shoots appear on 10 - 14 days. Plants left for seeds are thinning up to 30 cm. Ripening the Swan in August-September. The seeds are cut in the end of the wax, the beginning of the full ripeness of the seeds. After a few days, the dried plants are cooled.
Use of winches in folk medicine and cooking
In folk medicine, the infants of the grass are used as a diuretic, as well as with jaundice and colds. Fresh leaves, assembled before flowering, are used as a healing salad with avitaminosis, lung diseases. As an external agent in cosmetic practice, use infusion on water from flowering plants for kneading and rims under the skin, eels. The steaming grass in the form of the veil relieves pain in the injuries, rheumatism, radiculitis, and the infusion, taken inside, reduces sweating, helps with hemorrhoids, bronchitis, cough, neurasthenia. The decoction of seeds is used in liver diseases and spleen.
Young and fleshy leaves of swans in soups, salads and birds have a number of advantages over nettle and sorrel. Nettle leaves are contraindicated with patients with atherosclerosis and with diseases accompanied by increased blood coagulation, and sorrel cannot be used in gastritis, ulceration of the stomach and 12-rosewood, with increased acidity.
The method of applying infusion from the Swan: 1 tablespoon pour a glass of boiling water, insisted in a thermos hour, strain. Take 1-2 tablespoon 3-4 times a day, an hour before meals
Video: Lebed