Nervous disorders in children often require the use of drugs called anxiolytics. Their main effect is to reduce anxiety and fear. One of these means is Atarax. Is it possible to give it to a child, when is it worth doing and in what dosage to use it in the treatment of children?

Release form

The drug is produced:

• In tablets. This form of Atarax is represented by oblong tablets, on which there is a transverse dividing line. These tablets are white coated and packed in blisters of 25. One carton pack includes 1 blister.
• In solution. This clear, colorless liquid is intended for intramuscular injections, therefore, it is bottled in 2 ml ampoules. One pack contains 6 ampoules.

Composition

The active substance of Atarax is represented by hydroxyzine in the form of hydrochloride. This compound contains 25 mg in one tablet, and 50 mg in 1 ml of the injectable form (in one ampoule of the drug - 100 mg).

The tablet form of the drug additionally includes silicon anhydride, lactose, microcrystalline cellulose and other substances that provide the tablets with hardness and shape. In the Atarax solution, only sodium hydroxide and sterile water act as auxiliary components.

Operating principle

The main ingredient in Atarax is a histamine receptor blocker (H1 receptor). He has a sedative effect. It is thanks to him that the medicine is considered an anxiolytic. The drug helps:

• Relieve anxiety.
• Reduce the manifestations of arousal of the nervous system.
• Eliminate the feeling of inner tension.
• Reduce irritability.
• Improve memory and attention.

At the same time, such a medicine does not provoke addiction, and if taken for a long time, then the completion of treatment does not lead to withdrawal syndrome.

Also, Atarax has properties to expand the bronchi, block vomiting and reduce the secretion of gastric juice. In case of allergic skin diseases, the active substance Atarax effectively eliminates itching.

Indications

In childhood, Atarax is very often prescribed to eliminate itching provoked by allergies. This medication is also often included in the complex of agents used in surgical treatment.

In neurology, Atarax is used:

• With neurosis.
• With organic pathologies of the central nervous system, the symptom of which is nervous excitement and anxiety.
• After a concussion or contusion of the brain, if the child has anxiety and other nervous disorders.
• With neurotic enuresis.
• With panic attacks, manifested by lack of air, nausea, dizziness, fear of death and other symptoms.
• With genetic disorders of the central nervous system, for example, with Tourette's disease.

For more information on the use of the drug Atarax, see the video:

From what age is it allowed to take?

Instructions for the use of Atarax prohibits the treatment of babies up to a year with such a drug. For children aged 1 year, the drug can only be prescribed in the form of intramuscular injections. You can take Atarax orally to children who are 3 years old. At the same time, it is not recommended to give such a medicine without consulting a doctor.

Contraindications

The use of Atarax in children is prohibited not only at an early age, but also with increased sensitivity to its active substance. You should not give the medicine if you are intolerant to aminophiline, cetirizine or ethylenediamine.

Due to the presence of lactose in the composition, tablets are not prescribed for problems with the metabolism of galactose or glucose. The injectable form of the drug should not be injected into a vein, artery, or under the skin. Porphyria is also a contraindication for the treatment of Atarax. This medicine is not prescribed for adults if pregnant or breastfeeding.

If the child has impaired liver function or developed renal failure, the dosage of Atarax should be reduced. Correction of the dose and attention of the pediatrician also require convulsive disorders, hyperthyroidism and cardiovascular diseases in the child.

Side effects

The most common negative effect of Atarax treatment is drowsiness and a feeling of lethargy. Also, from taking this drug, many patients develop headaches and fatigue.

Less commonly, the drug provokes:

• Allergy.
• Insomnia.
• Nausea.
• Dizziness.
• Tremor.
• Dermatitis.
• Excited state.
• Confused consciousness.
• Cardiopalmus.
• Temperature increase.
• Convulsions.
• Lowering blood pressure.
• Constipation.
• Vomiting.
• Violation of urination.
• Soreness at the injection site (with injection).

Very rare side effects include Quincke's edema, anaphylaxis, bronchospasm, hallucinations, problems with vision and orientation in space. Sometimes Atarax causes hepatitis.

Instructions for use and dosage

• The daily dose of Atarax for itching is calculated by the baby's body weight. At the age of 1-6 years, it is from 1 to 2.5 mg of the active compound of the drug for each kilogram of weight, and for children over six years of age - from 1 to 2 mg. The calculated amount is divided into several steps.
• If the agent is used during surgical treatment, then the dosage will be 1 mg for each kg of the child's body weight. This amount of Atarax is given one hour before the operation.
• How long the child needs to take the remedy is determined by the doctor individually in each case.

Overdose

If you give a child Atarax in a higher dose than prescribed, this will adversely affect the state of the central nervous system, cause nausea, increased heart rate, increased body temperature, and a feeling of drowsiness. Serious poisoning will lead to tremors, hallucinations, depression of consciousness, arrhythmias, respiratory failure and even coma.

If the drug was taken orally and an overdose is detected immediately, the stomach is washed and an ambulance is immediately called. Doctors, if necessary, will perform intubation and monitor breathing and circulation, and will prescribe symptomatic remedies.

Interaction with other drugs

If you take Atarax together with other medicines that have a depressing effect on nervous system, this healing effect will be enhanced. This interaction is noted in barbiturates, hypnotics, tranquilizers and narcotic analgesics.

You should not simultaneously prescribe Atarax and anticholinergics or combine this drug with MAO inhibitors. Treatment with antihypertensive drugs, H2-histamine blockers, atropine or cardiac glycosides is not affected by Atarax.

Terms of sale

To buy Atarax in a pharmacy, you need to show a prescription written by your doctor. The price of 25 tablets of this drug is about 280-300 rubles.

Storage conditions and shelf life

The medicine should be kept out of the reach of small children, where the temperature will not exceed + 25 ° C. Treatment with Atarax, which has expired (5 years), is not recommended.

The human body is completely unpredictable and sometimes uncontrollable. For various reasons, panic fear, anxiety, neurosis or increased irritability may occur. It is in such situations that the qualified help of specialists is simply needed, which consists in determining the severity and giving recommendations on how to eliminate such undesirable conditions. A huge number of doctors in their practice prescribe the drug "Atarax". Reviews about him often confirm the effectiveness of his reception.

What is the drug "Atarax"

This drug has a fairly high level of absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. The concentration of the active component of hydroxyzine does not occur in plasma, as in most medicines, but in soft tissues organism. At 80% of the bioavailability of the drug when ingested in pure form, only 0.8% is excreted in the urine. The rest of the drug is processed by the liver, while the main metabolite is cetirizine, a histamine receptor blocker. Thanks to these features, the active ingredient relaxes smooth and skeletal muscles. The drug has an analgesic and bronchodilatory effect, and also moderately reduces gastric secretion. Since the main concentration active substance collects in the skin, the drug can significantly reduce itching and pain in eczema, dermatitis and urticaria.

When you can't do without Atarax

Basically, the drug "Atarax", doctors' reviews of which characterize it as an effective remedy, is prescribed for:

• reducing feelings of anxiety, internal tension and psycho-emotional arousal;
• reducing irritability with alcohol addiction, mental and neurological diseases;
• achieving a sedative effect during periods of stress, with emotional and psychological stress;
• elimination of itching as a symptomatic treatment.

In what form is it produced

As already mentioned, the main active component of the drug is hydroxyzine. The following substances are used as auxiliary ingredients: lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, titanium dioxide, macrogol 400, microcrystalline cellulose and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and colloidal silicon anhydride. The drug has two forms of release: 25 mg tablets and ampoules for intramuscular injections.

"Atarax": reviews

Whether the drug is prescribed for children or for adults, but each of those who have already tried its effect on themselves, has not only experience, but also his own opinion regarding this medicine. And it is the result of the use of this medication that interests almost every patient to whom it was prescribed for the first time. So, a huge number of patients note that the effect of the drug is felt within 20 minutes after ingestion. Most patients are satisfied with the results of treatment, but there are also opponents of such therapy among them. For the most part, these are mothers who are wondering whether to give the drug "Atarax" to children. To many, this sedative seems to be aggressive for a young body, some note that children sleep so soundly under its influence that they do not hear the urge to urinate.

How to drink tablets "Atarax"

The doctors' comments on this drug say that each patient needs their own drug use regimen, but there are recommendations for taking it. The dose prescribed by the attending physician is divided into several portions. Therefore, before you start taking this drug, it is necessary that the doctor determine the severity of the disease and prescribe an individual dosage regimen within the recommendations. Take the tablets with food, with milk or water. In no case should you drink a double dose if, for some reason, one dose of the medicine was missed. The drug in the form of tablets is prescribed in the following volume:

• for adults from 25 to 100 mg per day, depending on the severity of the disease;
• babies under 6 years old 1-2.5 mg per day;
• children over 6 years old 2-3 mg per day.

How to use Atarax for injection

In some cases, for example, when there are stomach problems, the drug is administered intramuscularly. Then, for adults, the daily rate is 50-100 mg, and for children, the dosage is calculated based on the recommendation of 1 mg per 1 kg of the child's weight. The injection is performed once a day, strictly observing the time interval. It is also worth noting that the medicine cannot be injected under the skin, this form of release is intended exclusively for intramuscular use.

Precautions and contraindications

It is strictly forbidden to use this drug together with alcohol, as the effect on the nervous system is enhanced. It is also contraindicated to take during breastfeeding - the drug is transmitted through breast milk, and during pregnancy - the main part of the drug will concentrate in the soft tissues of the fetus. There are special instructions regarding driving a car when taking the "Atarax" product. Feedback from patients is confirmation of this - many note a slowdown in reaction and a decrease in concentration. When prescribing and taking the drug, it should also be taken into account whether there are liver and kidney diseases, if any, the dose must be reduced. The remedy is also contraindicated for those who have hypersensitivity to its components. When using the drug, side effects are possible: dry mouth, urinary retention, constipation, nausea, weakness and drowsiness, increased pressure. In more rare cases, loss of consciousness, tremors and convulsions were observed. With such phenomena, the dose of the drug should be reduced. The developers of this drug and the doctors are unanimous in the opinion that self-treatment with Atarax is extremely dangerous, since the recommended doses described in the instructions are given without taking into account the characteristics of the body, and such self-medication can have a detrimental effect on health. The attending physician, who will observe the patient throughout the entire course of treatment, should prescribe doses and a regimen.

Overdose and duration of admission

Experts note that this remedy is not addictive and psychic dependence. And if there is a need to prescribe a drug for a long time, then preference is almost always given to the drug "Atarax". Reviews of doctors and patients confirm this, they all agree that it is possible to stop using this medication without problems at any time. But adherence to doses when taking is a very important point in treatment. It is worth noting that joint medication with alcohol can also lead to an overdose. To alleviate the patient's condition, in the first two hours after taking the last dose, it is necessary to induce a gag reflex and rinse the stomach, stop taking the medication, take activated charcoal or other sorbent and call an ambulance. The main signs and symptoms of an excess of hydroxyzine in human blood are manifested in the following:

• unsteadiness in the legs and causeless fatigue;
• feeling of dryness in oral cavity;
• rash on the skin;
• a sharp deterioration in sleep;
• convulsions and spontaneous bruising.

Briefly about the use of funds

A common question that arises when buying the drug "Atarax" is associated with the possibility of using the drug at the same time as alcohol.

Some are looking for an answer to a question based on the reviews and advice of friends, while others are trying to solve it, hoping for their own experience.

If you do not listen to other people's advice, but carefully study the instructions for such a popular drug as Atarax, you can read the lines that indicate the indications for the treatment of alcohol withdrawal symptoms. This remedy helps after a long period of alcohol consumption.

Basically, the therapeutic agent "Atarax" is intended to relieve urticaria, itching and dermatitis, as this remedy acts as a sedative. The medicine reduces neurotic conditions, psychosis, increased excitability.

Drowsiness is one of the side effects after the use of the drug "Atarax", therefore it is used as a sleeping pill. The course of treatment can be interrupted at any time, since the medication is not addictive.

Ethanol derivatives should be completely removed from the blood after drinking alcohol, only then it is possible to use the drug "Atarax" according to the instructions. Otherwise, the result of poisoning the body will be a mental reaction, aggressiveness and irascibility, and imbalance is possible. Alcohol syndrome may be accompanied by "dry vomiting", sweating, dizziness, etc. All of these symptoms of alcohol poisoning are characteristic of 2 - 3 stages of alcohol dependence. The doctor usually prescribes the drug "Atarax" after the body has already been cleared of alcohol poisoning, but not until this moment associated with the use of alcohol.

Impact on the body of "Atarax" and alcohol

If the drug is taken simultaneously with alcohol, then it can only enhance the effect of ethanol on the poisoned organism, as stated in the instructions for the drug. Oppression alcoholic beverages simultaneously with the drug taken, some functions of the central nervous system are noted in the instructions.

With the simultaneous use of alcohol and taking the drug "Atarax", one can expect not only impaired coordination of movements and loss of attention, but also complete impairment of psychomotor functions, difficulty breathing.

In any case, we can conclude that the compatibility of "Atarax" and alcohol is dangerous even in very small quantities. As a result, along with an increase in the state of intoxication, an overdose effect will be observed.

Some patients after taking "Atarax" may suffer from headache, increased intraocular pressure, decreased blood pressure, urinary retention, pressure, allergic reactions.

While taking alcohol with the drug "Atarax" at the same time, you should remember about its negative impact on the central nervous system. For example, after drinking 100 grams of beer together with the drug in the amount of half a tablet, a car driver is able to fall asleep while driving.

At the same time, "Atarax" is a good drug that can cure a number of diseases. It can be used for the short-term treatment of anxiety in adults when it rises to suppress the activity of certain parts of the central nervous system.

The drug "Atarax" is made on the basis of hydroxyzine dihydrochloride, which is a derivative of the substance diphenylmethane. The drug has no chemical relationship with reserpine, phenothiazine, benzodiazepine or meprobamate. "Atarax" is not an antidepressant of the central nervous system, but it can have a depressing effect on the activity of different zones of the subcortical region.

The drug is characterized by a bronchodilating and antihistamine effect. The usual therapeutic dose of "Atarax" does not cause changes in the acid-forming and secretory functions of the stomach. The substance helps effective treatment itching associated with various allergic dermatitis, eczema and hives. The antihistamine effect of the drug in duration can be close to 96 hours in case of impaired liver function.

The action of "Atarax" can be antispasmodic, mild analgesic, sympatholytic. The medicine is capable of:

1. Increase overall sleep duration.
2. Reduce the number and duration of nighttime awakenings.
3. Reduce muscle tone.
4. Do not cause memory impairment.

When taking the drug, it quickly enters the bloodstream and is absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. The substance is concentrated in plasma to the maximum extent two hours after its administration. Repeated intake increases concentration by 30%. The bioavailability of the drug when taken orally is about 80%.

Distributed throughout the body, the substance hydroxyzine, which is part of the drug, mainly accumulates in the tissues. As a result of the metabolism of hydroxyzine, the formation of cetarizine occurs, which has antagonistic properties. The excretion of drug metabolites in their unchanged form occurs simultaneously with urine. For elderly patients who have renal failure and liver dysfunction, a lower dose of the drug is required. This is due to the fact that the concentration of metabolites in the blood in such patients increases with the usual dose of the drug.

Indications and method of application

The drug "Atarax" is indicated not only for the symptomatic treatment of adult patients with anxiety, but also for the preoperative one. In the latter case, it is used as a sedative.

"Atarax" is prescribed for oral administration. The patient should take the recommended amount of the drug in consultation with the doctor or under his direct supervision. The instructions indicate the maximum dose at a time, which should not be more than 0.2 g, and the fraction of the maximum daily dose should not be more than 0.3 g.

Symptomatic treatment of itching is indicated not only for adult patients, but also for children. The doctor must select an individual dose for each patient, since the medicine can act differently for different patients.

You can take the drug without driving a car during the entire course of treatment, since the drug has a sedative effect. The action of the drug causes drowsiness in drivers, which is associated with the risk of driving. The drug should not be taken at the same time as alcohol.

Manifestation of side effects and contraindications when using the drug "Atarax"

What side effects can there be?

The possibility of side effects of the drug "Atarax" may be associated with the central nervous system in the form of hypersensitivity or anti-chodinegic effect on the part of the immune system, the development of anaphylactic shock. When taking the medicine, blood pressure, clarity of vision may decrease, and accommodation may be disturbed.

Side effects on the gastrointestinal tract are associated with a feeling of dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, the development of constipation as a result of impaired intestinal motility, difficulty urinating.

Neurological disorders associated with the use of "Atarax" can be expressed in general weakness, insomnia, increased fatigue, an increase in body temperature to subfebrile values, tachycardia, that is, an increase in heart rate, convulsions.

How does the drug interact with other treatments

As a result of the simultaneous use of "Atarax" with other drugs, its effect is enhanced, which has a suppressive effect on the central nervous system of the patient's body as a whole. Therefore, the doctor prescribes individual doses of the drug and atarax.

The use of other drugs simultaneously with "Atarax" may be accompanied by dizziness, muscle weakness, double vision. These drugs include:

1. Haloperidol and chlorpromazine, that is, antipsychotics.
2. Diazepam and temazepam, i.e. benzodiazepines.
3. Sleeping pills and antispasmodics.
4. Drugs for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, which are classified as anticholinergic drugs, like oxybutynin and tolterodine for urinary incontinence.

Doctors do not recommend using Atarax with an MAO inhibitor, as well as with those drugs that are classified as anticholinergic blockers. Atarax can reduce the pressor effect of the epinephrine drug. The medicine helps to reduce the anticonvulsant activity of phenytonin.

If Atarax is used simultaneously with cimetidine, this leads to an increase in the concentration of hydroxyzine in the plasma and a decrease in the concentration of metabolites. In general, with the simultaneous use of "Atarax" with other drugs, there is a violation of the metabolism of drugs.

The drug is also capable of causing mental disorders, which are associated with confusion of consciousness, excitement, hallucination, disorientation in space. A side effect of the drug is associated with the possible development of suffocation as a result of bronchospasm, which is associated with the respiratory system.

Contraindications associated with taking the drug

Absolute contraindications

Among the absolute contraindications to the drug, there is an increased sensitivity of the body to the effects of its components. Sensitivity can be allergic or non-allergic. In any case, this tool is not recommended to be used.

Since during pregnancy the components of "Atarax" can enter the fetus through the placenta, in this case the drug also has absolute contraindications. It is contraindicated to take it during childbirth and during breastfeeding.

Even if during pregnancy "Atarax" affects the body of the expectant mother to a lesser extent than the body of the baby, at the same time it causes constipation, which in any case accompanies the period of gestation. As a result of relaxation of the smooth muscles of the internal organs, not only frequent constipation occurs, but also the effect associated with urinary disorders.

As a result of taking "Atarax" during childbirth, the labor process may be disrupted, since the smooth muscles of the uterus will be relaxed. During childbirth, smooth muscles will not actively contract, and the baby may be born with impaired motor activity and seizures. During the period of breastfeeding, the intake of "Atarax" is contraindicated, as it will be excreted together with milk, getting into the body of the newborn.

Hereditary violation of pigment metabolism is also a contraindication to taking the drug, since the disease is associated with an increase in the level of porphins in the body. Porphins are one of the components of hemoglobin in the blood and enzymes, including those found in the liver. The use of "Atarax" causes an even greater reaction associated with a violation of the complex process of pigment metabolism.

One of the components of Atarax is lactose, that is, milk sugar. The breakdown of lactose in the body occurs due to the enzyme lactase, the content of which in insufficient quantities causes lactase deficiency. It is contraindicated to use Atarax tablets in such cases, as the process of absorption of simple carbohydrates in the small intestine, that is, malabsorption, may be impaired.

Contraindications are relative

For patients with severe systemic disease called myasthenia gravis, that is, muscle weakness, Atarax has relative contraindications. In this case, the doctors' recommendations relate to small doses of Atarax, otherwise there may be a weakening of the skeletal muscles associated with an increase in myasthenia gravis.

If the prostate gland is enlarged, then it can cause squeezing of the urethra, which is associated with a violation of urination. This process can occur for other reasons, therefore, the use of "Atarax" has relative contraindications. Similar phenomena can occur with patients with constipation, which are aggravated by the use of "Atarax".

Glaucoma or increased intraocular pressure as a result of the use of "Atarax" may increase, as the outflow of fluid inside the eyes will be impaired. If the patient suffers from dementia, that is, acquired dementia, which is associated with age-related changes, then Atarax also has contraindications. The sedative or sedative effects of the drug may be associated with decreased thinking ability. Side effects may include tremors in the limbs, in the body, and convulsions.

What are the consequences of an overdose of the drug

An overdose of the drug is associated with an increase in anticholinergic action, a change in the functions of the central nervous system, which results in inhibition or paradoxical stimulation of the central nervous system.

A very large overdose is associated with nausea, vomiting, fever, impaired pupillary reflexes, depression of respiratory function, and the development of cardiac arrhythmias. As a result, cardiorespiratory collapse may develop, and a coma may appear.

If symptoms of overdose appear, then it is necessary to carry out immediate gastric lavage with artificial induction of vomiting. To get a vasopressor effect, your doctor may prescribe metaramenol or norepinephrine.

Severe symptoms of an overdose will require an analysis for the presence of alcohol or drugs in the patient's body. Symptomatic therapy after the study is carried out with the use of thiamine, glucose, the introduction of naloxone, the appointment of oxygen therapy.

If a severe life-threatening anticholinergic effect is identified, the doctor may prescribe a therapeutic dose of physostigmine, but without the use of cyclic antidepressants, otherwise the dose may cause cardiac arrest.

In any case, before using Atarax, it is imperative to find out the doctor's recommendations, and not just listen and look for reviews about this medication, since any instruction for the drug is intended to familiarize you with it. The effect of the drug is individual and must be agreed with the doctor. If you need to have more complete information on "Atarax", you can use the annotation from the manufacturer. Only in this case "Atarax" will be used as efficiently and safely as possible.

Thank you for your feedback.

Comments (1)

Megan92 () 2 weeks ago

Did anyone manage to save your husband from alcoholism? Mine drinks without drying out, I don't know what to do ((I thought about getting a divorce, but I don’t want to leave the child without a father, and I’m sorry for my husband, so he’s a great person when he doesn’t drink

Daria () 2 weeks ago

I have already tried so many things and only after reading this article, I managed to wean my husband from alcohol, now he does not drink at all, even on holidays.

Megan92 () 13 days ago

Daria () 12 days ago

Megan92, so I wrote in my first comment) I will duplicate just in case - link to article.

Sonya 10 days ago

And this is not a divorce? Why are they selling on the Internet?

Yulek26 (Tver) 10 days ago

Sonya, what country do you live in? They sell it on the Internet, because shops and pharmacies set their marginal markup. In addition, payment is only after receipt, that is, first looked, checked and only then paid. And now everything is sold on the Internet - from clothes to TVs and furniture.

Editorial response 10 days ago

Sonia, hello. This drug for the treatment of alcohol dependence is really not sold through pharmacies and retail stores in order to avoid overpricing. To date, you can order only on official website... Be healthy!

In patients, when prescribing any drug to them, the question often arises about the possibility of combining it with alcohol. In this situation, we are interested in whether it is possible to take atarax with various alcoholic beverages. To understand this, it is necessary to find out what kind of drug it is, under what pathological conditions it is prescribed and how it can be dangerous.

Atarax is a tranquilizing drug that has sedative and anxiolytic, antiemetic and antihistamine, as well as anticholinergic effects. This remedy does not cause addiction or addiction, and its action does not require long-term use, it starts working within half an hour after taking it. Experts note the positive effect of atarax on cognitive functions, attention and memory processes.

The drug has an antihistamine and bronchodilating effect. Taken in usual dosages, the agent does not affect the secretory and acid-forming function of the stomach. The antihistamine effect of atarax can last up to 96 hours if the patient has liver dysfunctions.

Atarax is capable of having a mild analgesic, antispasmodic and sympatholytic effect. As a result of taking the drug, the duration of night sleep increases, there are no interruptions and night awakenings, the tone of muscle tissues decreases, and memory disorders are prevented.

The active components of the drug quickly penetrate the bloodstream and are absorbed into the gastrointestinal tract. Rapidly spreading throughout the body, hydroxyzine (the active substance of tablets) begins to accumulate in the tissues, then it is metabolized and converted into cetirizine, which has antagonist properties. The drug is excreted from the body in the urine.

Indications for use and rules of admission

The active component of atarax is hydroxyzine, which contributes to a moderate decrease in blood pressure and pain symptoms, muscle tone and excessive anxiety. The main indications for taking atarax are:

• neurosis-like states;
• psychomotor overstrain;
• excessive anxiety;
• chronic fatigue syndrome;
• some types of mental pathologies, accompanied by an increase in irritability syndrome.

Also, atarax is used before surgical intervention with sedative purposes, so that the patient can fully sleep and calm down on the eve of the operation, to relieve excessive psychoemotional stress and anxiety of the patient. The drug also copes with allergic reactions such as dermatitis or itching, eczematous rashes and urticaria, because it has a pronounced antihistamine effect.

The calming effect appears after about half an hour after taking. If the drug is taken to relieve withdrawal symptoms, then this should be done only after the ethanol decay products are removed from the body, since atarax cannot be combined with alcohol. When taken correctly, atarax can eliminate negative withdrawal symptoms, stop panic attacks, etc.

The drug should only be taken as directed by a doctor. A single dosage should not exceed 0.2 g, and the daily dosage should not exceed 0.3 g. To avoid an adverse stomach reaction, it is recommended to take the drug after meals.

For special indications, the drug can even be prescribed to children, only the dosage is selected individually, since the drug affects different patients in different ways.

Contraindications and adverse reactions

Atarax has many contraindications:

1. Breastfeeding and carrying a baby.
2. The period of childbirth.
3. Porphyria.
4. Intolerance to galactose, impaired absorption of glucose-galactose.
5. Hypersensitivity to aminophylline, ethylenediamine, cetirizine or piperazine derivatives.
6. With extreme caution, the drug is taken for dementia and convulsive syndrome, increased IOP and prostatitis with problems of urination and defecation. Atarax is also taken with extreme caution in case of liver or kidney failure, the presence of arrhythmias and old age.

In the course of drug treatment, patients may develop side reactions, which usually disappear a couple of days after stopping therapy. Adverse reactions include dry mouth, nausea and migraine headaches, hyper-perspiration and drowsiness, constipation or urinary retention. Also, as a result of taking atarax, conditions such as hypotension or tachycardia, allergic reactions or bronchospasms can develop.

During the treatment, experts urge to give up driving, since the drug can reduce concentration, provoke drowsiness, which can cause an accident.

Atarax and alcohol compatibility

Regarding the question whether it is possible to drink alcohol with atarax, any specialist will firmly answer that such a combination is categorically contraindicated. The main reason for incompatibility with alcohol is the depressing effect of alcohol on the nervous system, which increases markedly during treatment with this drug.

But atarax is used to treat withdrawal symptoms, which are often found in alcohol addicts when they suddenly stop drinking. But this does not mean that the drug can be combined with alcohol, because any compatibility of these substances is impossible.

The drug is prescribed only after the completion of alcohol intoxication, when all ethanol decay products have left the patient's body. If you take atarax while intoxicated, then the reaction will become unpredictable - the patient will begin to show aggression and excessive irritability.

Atarax for a hangover

Experts say that taking atarax is able to hangover syndrome, when ethanol is still in the bloodstream, it is categorically impossible. The drug can provoke even more pronounced aggression and irascibility, which is fraught with epileptic seizures and loss of control over psychomotor symptoms.

As a result of the joint intake, the signs of the initial phase of intoxication intensify, and the hangover symptoms will only worsen. Therefore, doctors do not recommend taking atarax in a state of a hangover. If the requirement for incompatibility is not met, then the following reactions may develop:

• concentration of attention decreases, the patient is noticeably nervous, reacts to stimuli;
• the patient is worried about indomitable vomiting;
• pressure surges and bronchospasm.

This is just a small list showing the negative effects of combining alcohol and atarax.

Atarax and non-alcoholic beer

The medicine atarax, enhances the alcoholic effect on the body, which is dangerous by oppression of the nervous system. Some experts believe that after being combined with alcohol, the drug provokes coordination disorders, problems with attention, shortness of breath, etc. Therefore, you should not risk it, and it is better to end up drinking even non-alcoholic beer.

In non-alcoholic beer, there is still a scanty percentage of ethanol early, regardless of the amount drunk. Those who argue that atarax can be taken with low alcohol drinks are deeply mistaken. The drug is not able to cure anything with such a combination, but it can provoke an exacerbation and deterioration of the condition.

How long after atarax you can drink alcohol

If the patient is undergoing therapy, then alcohol must be abandoned. Doctors say that it will be possible to drink alcohol again in 72 hours. During this time, the metabolites of the drug will leave the patient's body and alcohol intake will become safe.

Atarax belongs to the category of sedatives that have a pronounced antihistamine effect. It relieves the patient from many problems and eliminates allergic manifestations. Therefore, it is often prescribed in the complex therapy of withdrawal symptoms. If you follow all medical recommendations and take the drug in the dosage strictly specified by the doctor. With this approach to therapy, outstanding treatment results can be quickly achieved.

Catad_pgroup Anxiolytics (tranquilizers)

Atarax - instructions for use

ATARAX® (ATARAX®)
(hydroxyzine | hydroxyzine)

Registration number:

Trademarked name: ATARAX ® (ATARAX ®)

International non-proprietary name: hydroxyzine

Chemical name: ethanol, 2 [-2 - [- 4 - [(4-chlorophenyl) phenylmethyl] -1-piperazine] ethoxy] -, dihydrochloride.

Dosage forms: Solution for intramuscular injection; coated tablets.

Composition

Tablets: active substance - hydroxyzine hydrochloride 25 mg; excipients: microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel PH 102 ®), magnesium stearate, silicon colloidal anhydride (Aerosil 200 ®), lactose monohydrate, Opadray ® Y-1-7000: titanium dioxide, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 2910 5cP, macrogol 400.

Solution for intramuscular injection: active substance - hydroxyzine hydrochloride 100 mg in 2 ml; inactive ingredients: sodium hydroxide, water for injection.

Description

White oblong film-coated tablets with a dividing line across both sides.

Solution for intramuscular injection is a clear, colorless solution.

Pharmacotherapeutic group:

ATX code: No. 05BB01.

PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

A diphenylmethane derivative with moderate anxiolytic activity; also has a sedative, antiemetic, antihistamine and M-anticholinergic effect. Blocks the central M-cholino - and H 1 -histaminoreceptors and inhibits the activity of certain subcortical zones. Does not cause mental dependence and addiction. The clinical effect occurs within 15-30 minutes after oral administration of the tablets. It has a positive effect on cognitive abilities, improves memory and attention. Relaxes skeletal and smooth muscles, has bronchodilating and analgesic effects, moderate inhibitory effect on gastric secretion. Hydroxyzine significantly reduces itching in patients with urticaria, eczema and dermatitis. With long-term use, there was no withdrawal syndrome or deterioration of cognitive functions. Polysomnography in patients with insomnia and anxiety clearly demonstrates an increase in the duration of sleep, a decrease in the frequency of nocturnal awakenings after taking a single or repeated dose of hydroxyzine at a dose of 50 mg. A decrease in muscle tension in patients with anxiety was noted when taking the drug at a dose of 50 mg 3 times a day.

Pharmacokinetics. Absorption is high. Time to reach maximum concentration (T Cmax) after oral administration - 2 hours; half-life (T 1/2) in adults - 14 hours. Metabolites are found in breast milk... After taking a single dose of 25 mg T Cmax in adults is 30 mg / ml and 70 mg / ml after taking 50 mg of hydroxyzine. Bioavailability for oral and intramuscular administration is 80%.

Hydroxyzine is more concentrated in the skin than in plasma. The distribution coefficient is 7-16 l / kg in adults. Hydroxyzine crosses the blood-brain barrier and the placenta, concentrating to a greater extent in fetal than in maternal tissues. Hydroxyzine is metabolized in the liver. Cetirizine - the main metabolite (45%), is a pronounced H 1 -blocker. The total clearance of hydroxyzine is 13 ml / min / kg. Only 0.8% of hydroxyzine is excreted unchanged through the kidneys.

In children, the total clearance is 4 times shorter than in adults, T 1/2 - 11 hours in children aged 14 years and 4 hours at the age of 1 year.
In elderly patients, T 1/2 was 29 hours, the distribution coefficient is 22.5 l / kg.
In patients with liver diseases, T 1/2 increased up to 37 hours, the concentration of metabolites in the blood serum is higher than in young patients with normal liver function. The antihistamine effect may last up to 96 hours after administration.

INDICATIONS FOR USE

NS ROTAINDICATIONS

The drug is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to any of the components of the drug, cetirizine and other piperazine derivatives, aminophylline or ethylenediamine. It is also contraindicated in patients with porphyria; during pregnancy, during labor and breastfeeding. Since the tablets contain lactose, the drug is not recommended for patients with hereditary galactose intolerance, with impaired absorption of glucose-galactose.

CAREFULLY

With myasthenia gravis, prostatic hyperplasia with clinical manifestations, difficulty urinating, constipation, with increased intraocular pressure, dementia, a tendency to seizures. Patients prone to arrhythmias or receiving drugs that can cause arrhythmias. Patients who are simultaneously receiving treatment with other drugs that depress the central nervous system, or anticholinergics, the dose should be reduced. Patients with severe and moderate severity of renal failure, as well as with hepatic failure, need a dose reduction. For elderly patients, the dose is reduced in the case of decreased glomerular filtration.

DOSAGE AND APPLICATION

The drug is administered orally in the form of tablets or injected intramuscularly.

For children

For the symptomatic treatment of itching. Ages 12 months to 6 years: 1 mg / kg to 2.5 mg / kg / day in divided doses. Ages 6 years and older: 1 mg / kg to 2.0 mg / kg / day in divided doses. For premedication - 1 mg / kg 1 hour before surgery, as well as additionally on the night before anesthesia.

Adults

For symptomatic treatment of anxiety: 25-100 mg daily in divided doses during the day or at night. The standard dose is 50 mg per day (12.5 mg in the morning, 12.5 mg in the afternoon, and 25 mg at night). In severe cases, the dose may be increased to 300 mg per day.

For premedication in surgical practice: 50-200 mg (1.5-2.5 mg / kg intramuscularly) is administered 1 hour before surgery. For symptomatic treatment of pruritus: an initial dose of 25 mg, if necessary, the dose can be increased four times (25 mg 4 times a day), and also additionally on the night before anesthesia.

In elderly patients, treatment begins with half the dose.

In renal and / or hepatic insufficiency, the dose should be reduced.

A single maximum dose should not exceed 200 mg, the maximum daily dose is not more than 300 mg.

SIDE EFFECT

Mild and transient, as a rule, disappear after a few days from the start of treatment or after a dose reduction. Side effects are mainly associated with CNS depression or paradoxical stimulatory effects on the CNS, anticholinergic activity or hypersensitivity reactions. Anticholinergic effects: dry mouth, urinary retention, constipation or impaired accommodation are rare and mainly in elderly patients. Drowsiness, general weakness may occur, especially at the beginning of drug treatment. If this effect does not disappear after a few days from the start of therapy, the dose of the drug must be reduced. There were reports of others side effects, such as headache, dizziness, excessive sweating, arterial hypotension, tachycardia, allergic reactions, nausea, tachycardia, fever, changes in liver function tests, bronchospasm. No clinically significant respiratory depression was observed when the recommended doses were prescribed. Involuntary physical activity, including very rare cases of tremors and seizures, disorientation were observed with significant overdose.

OVERDOSE

A manifestation of an overdose of the drug can be a pronounced anticholinergic effect, inhibition or paradoxical stimulation of the central nervous system. Symptoms of a significant overdose may include nausea, vomiting, involuntary physical activity, hallucinations, impaired consciousness, arrhythmia, arterial hypotension. If there is no spontaneous vomiting, immediate gastric lavage is recommended. Vomiting must be induced artificially. General supportive measures are shown, including control of vital body functions and monitoring of the patient until the symptoms of intoxication disappear and in the next 24 hours. If it is necessary to obtain a vasopressor effect, norepinephrine or metaramenol is prescribed. Epinephrine should not be prescribed. Hemodialysis is not effective. There is no specific antidote.

INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS

It is necessary to take into account the potentiating effect of hydroxyzine when administered together with drugs that depress the central nervous system, such as narcotic analgesics, barbiturates, tranquilizers, hypnotics, alcohol. In this case, their dosages should be selected individually. Avoid co-administration with MAO inhibitors and anticholinergics. The drug interferes with the pressor action of adrenaline and the anticonvulsant activity of phenytoin, and also interferes with the action of betahistine and cholinesterase blockers. The effect of atropine, belladonna alkaloids, digitalis, antihypertensive drugs, H 2 receptor antagonists does not change under the action of hydroxyzine. It is an inhibitor of P450 2D6 and in high doses can cause interactions with CYP2D6 substrates. Since hydroxyzine is metabolized in the liver, an increase in its concentration in the blood can be expected when administered together with drugs - inhibitors of liver enzymes.

SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS

If it is necessary to conduct allergological tests, the drug should be discontinued 5 days before the study. Since hydroxyzine can affect attention and the speed of psychomotor reactions, patients should be warned about this if it is necessary to drive a car and machinery. Injectable forms of the drug are intended for intramuscular injection only and should not be administered intravenously, intraarterially, or subcutaneously. When injected intramuscularly, make sure that the needle does not enter any vessel. When injected under the skin, the drug can cause tissue damage. During treatment with hydroxyzine, alcohol should be avoided.

RELEASE FORM

Coated tablets 25 mg. 25 tablets in a blister; the blister along with the instructions for use is packed in a cardboard box. Ampoules for intramuscular administration of 100 mg / 2 ml of a transparent, white glass solution, 6 ampoules are inserted into a plastic holder, which is packed together with instructions for use in a cardboard box.

STORAGE CONDITIONS

Tablets - in a dry place at a temperature not exceeding 25 ° C.

SHELF LIFE

TERMS OF RELEASE FROM THE PHARMACY:

Prescribed by a doctor.

YUSB S.A. Pharma Sector
Chemin du Foret, Brain-l'allu,
В-1420 Belgium Representative office in Moscow: 117312, Moscow, st. Gubkina 14-44