How can you close the opening in the Khrushchev. Dismantling of old doors. Standard door sizes

In order for the installation of internal doors in a house or apartment to take place without unnecessary difficulties, first of all, it is necessary to determine their standard dimensions. And although the design, attractive appearance and functionality are qualities that are undoubtedly very important for choosing a future door, nevertheless, the installation of standard doors, the size of which will not fit the entrance opening, will be more important and will require a lot of physical effort and material costs.

How to determine the standard dimensions of the door and match them with the entrance opening?

Before buying a door block, you need not only to measure the depth, height, width of the entrance opening, but also to perform simple calculations:

1. The inner side of the frame must exceed the upper door leaf by 3 mm, the lower ─ by 10 mm and be 3 mm wider than the door.
2. The entrance opening should be 1-2 cm larger than the door frame, since a free gap of 1-1.5 cm between the door frame and the wall is required to install the door.
3. If the entrance opening has dimensions of 880 x 2020 mm, then in order to determine the dimensions of a suitable door block, you need to add the door width (800 mm) to the frame thickness (25 mm) and 3 mm for free space on each of the two sides. It turns out that the required door block must have a width of 831 mm.
4. The height is determined as follows: 2000 mm (door height) is added to the thickness of the door frame bar (25 mm), the top gap (3 mm) and the bottom gap (10 mm). As a result, the required height of the door block is obtained, equal to 2038 mm.

V finished form the block will have dimensions of 83.1 x 203.8 cm.Taking into account the fact that there should be 2 cm gaps with a few extra centimeters in width and height, the dimensions of doors equipped with a door block 831 x 203.8 cm are perfect for doorway with typical dimensions of 207 x 87 cm.

The dimensions of the balcony door depend on the type of building. For example, in "Khrushchevs" the width of a standard door is 68 cm. Modern construction does not adhere to clear rules and regulations regarding their minimum dimensions, therefore, technical capabilities are taken to the leadership. If you make the entrance to the balcony of the smallest width (45 cm), then it is unlikely that it will be convenient to squeeze through it. The most the best option in this case, the width is 61 cm.

Interior doors with a frame

Modern developers in the manufacture of interior blocks adhere to standard sizes for swing, glazed, fixed doors and compartments.

GOST, approved for the dimensions of interior door blocks, must be observed for all types of blocks:

• sliding;
• glazed;
• deaf;
• swinging glazed.

Arched structures, like other non-standard options, are made to order in accordance with the required dimensions.

Such projects should only be carried out by professional engineers. In this case, all building codes and GOST rules will be guaranteed to be observed. The cost of individual orders is slightly higher than the cost of a standard unit, but its precise fit into the doorway significantly reduces the cost and simplifies the installation process. And the products made according to original measurements always correspond to the interior, are distinguished by their strength and durability.

The room doors together with the frame make up a block that should easily fit into the interior opening. Their compatibility is very important. If the door block is larger than the entrance opening, then too much effort will be spent on enlarging it. This will delay and increase the cost of the installation. If the box turned out to be smaller than the opening, then it will be necessary to close the excess space or use extras during installation to fill the void.

Such shortcomings are not only too expensive in financial and labor terms, but also badly affect the reliability and strength of the structure. The service life of these products may not be too long. Therefore, the most rational solution would be to choose a door frame that is the most suitable in size, or to manufacture doors according to precise measurements. MDF (finely dispersed fiber board) will not cost too much, at the same time the finished structure will correspond to the size of the entrance opening.

Double-leaf interior doors

Double-leaf interior structures are 1-1.8 m wide, with a height of about two meters. They can be sliding, swinging, glazed or blind. Typically, sliding doors of a typical sample do not coincide in width with the entrance openings, especially if their installation takes place in place of a disassembled old structure of a different type. Or the layout of the apartment requires hiding a wide opening, highlighting several residential areas, cover a niche. For such options, an atypical project is being developed, according to which a bivalve block of atypical sizes can be ordered.

For this purpose, measurements of the entrance opening are made, a sketch of the product is made and, in accordance with it, a project is made. The dimensions of both swing and sliding double-leaf doors can be increased by expanding the canvases or by using several leaves, placing them on top and on the sides. It is possible to raise the door height up to 2.2-2.5 m.

An original way to divide the interior space is an accordion door.

If the dimensions of the block are chosen correctly, then this greatly simplifies and speeds up the installation procedure. First, the installation takes place on the floor. Then the box is installed in the opening and the proportionality of the values ​​is checked. The box along the entire perimeter of the sides should be reduced by 1-2 cm. This is the most successful way for correct and quick assembly.

After that, the box is secured with wedges and fixed. The gap is filled with polyurethane foam. After the final installation, the platbands are attached. They completely hide the connecting line between the wall and the box.

When purchasing a door kit, you need to carefully consider the depth of the box. The typical value is 7.5-11 cm and is selected for walls of appropriate thickness. If the walls are very thick, and the thickness of the box is not enough to the required size, then special extensions are used and thereby thicken the box.

Typically, interior entrance openings are smaller in width and height than the entrance space. This is due to the need for free movement when bringing in furniture and other large items.

A ready-made interior door can be bought as a separate leaf or complete with a door frame, which is assembled from a bar and consists of a lintel and two racks. This design has a marking of the location of the loops and a U-shape. The range of interior doors is huge. You can buy high doors, double or single, equipped with figured glass, made of various types of wood and in a wide variety of shades.

Reliable and beautiful doors play an important role in creating comfort in an apartment or house. Convenience in the operation of interior doors is designed to provide high-quality materials for their manufacture, as well as practical locks, hinges and door handles. When choosing doors, you need to take into account their dimensions. When replacing doors in Khrushchev, their width should be 55 cm, and their height should be 1.9-2.3 m, in ordinary houses and apartments for bathrooms - 60 cm, for kitchens - 70 cm, and for rooms - 80 cm with a canvas height of 1.9-2. 3m depending on the level of the ceilings. The thickness of the doors, which provides them with strength and insulation from noise, is taken 35-45mm.

In Khrushchev, the height of the openings is very high. Therefore, for those who want to replace the door, there are two options:

• Buy high doors equipped with transoms;
• Bring the height of the opening to the standard size by mounting the frame structure in its upper part. After that, the dimensions of the door in the Khrushchev may not differ from the standard dimensions.

A door with a transom installed in the Khrushchev visually increases the distance from the floor to the ceiling of the room.

When choosing interior doors, you need to pay Special attention for the same width of the web along its entire length. An error in dimensions, even 1-3mm, can lead in the future to creaks, malfunction of the door, its lock and handles.

Preparation for work

In the conditions of apartment renovation, the replacement of interior doors with your own hands should be done only after the end of the "wet" work, which include, for example, plastering walls or pouring a floor screed. This is due to the fact that in a humid environment, wooden doors are able to change their regular shape. In this case, no one can guarantee high-quality work from canvases, locks and handles.

The next thing to consider is dust, which inevitably forms when dismantling an old door block. It can seriously damage fresh paintwork and stain furniture. Therefore, before work, you need to carefully cover all this with your own hands with a film, or take out what is possible from the room.

To replace an interior door, you must have a tape measure, a pencil or a pen, a plumb line and a building level, a drill and a screwdriver, a jigsaw, a nail puller, a chisel and a hammer, a grinder and a puncher, a chisel and a hacksaw for wood. In addition to the door frame, door leaf and platbands, replacing doors in an apartment will require consumables: dowels, nails, foam, spacers, wedges and sealant.

For the installation of an expensive massive door, you will need the help of an experienced specialist. Cheaper doors made of MDF or veneer can be installed in the apartment with your own hands.

Dismantling old doors

To dismantle an interior door, first of all, it is necessary to remove everything that interferes with or may be damaged during the work process. In this case, it is worth paying special attention to power cables, as well as telephone wires, Internet and radio. It is also worth considering that some interior items may have fasteners on the door frame.

Then you should tear off the platbands with a hammer and chisel, since they are a frequent obstacle when.

After that, you can remove the door. This work must be done using a crowbar or a regular board. One end of the tool used as a lever should be positioned under the door leaf, and the other end of the board or crowbar should be pressed down. As a result of this procedure, the door will be lifted and released from the hinges. If you encounter any difficulties in performing such work, you can simply cut off the door hinges with a grinder, remove the canvas with your own hands, free it from the lock and handles.

Then you need to remove the door frame. To do this, its stand should be cut in the middle with a hacksaw and dismantled using a crowbar. If the closed contour of the box is violated in this way, further work on its removal will be much easier. With the same crowbar, you need to rip off two horizontal jumpers, and then remove the second frame post.

After finishing work, you can remove the rubbish. Wooden blocks that remain intact when disassembling the box should not be thrown away. They can be useful for subsequent work. Old hinges, locks and handles may be needed on the farm.

Installation of an interior door

After cleaning the opening from the remnants of insulation and plaster, you need to install the purchased one in it. To correctly determine the gap from the floor to the bottom of the canvas, you need to open the door 3-4 times in different directions. The standard height from the floor to the base of the door is 4-10mm. This value can be changed using wedges that are placed under the jambs of the box.

The installation must be carried out according to the building level. The gaps left on the sides are fixed with wedges. After that, the canvas must be removed, and with a drill, make holes in the door frame and through them mark points for holes in the opening. Then the door must be removed, holes made in the opening and dowels inserted into them. Then the box must be installed in place, screws are inserted into its holes and screwed into the dowels.

The position of the box must be adjusted using a level. Then you should again install the canvas in the block with your own hands and re-adjust and measure. This work is carried out by lining wedges, loosening or twisting screws.

After that, you need to fix the platbands from the side of the opening of the canvas. He platbands should be sawn off part of the desired length, leaving an angle of 45 degrees and nailed to the door frame.

To finally fix the box in the opening will help polyurethane foam... So that when expanding the foam does not warp the canvas, spacers of cardboard or plywood should be placed between it and the box. To protect the door, the perimeter of the door must be covered with masking tape. After preparation, the free cavities between the opening and the box should be filled with foam and allowed to harden well.

Installing handles

Installing handles in new doors does not require much effort:

• You need to buy a new pen;
• Then the handle mechanism must be installed in the door leaf. It is attached with two self-tapping screws at the end of the door leaf.
• After that, the handle itself must be bolted to the canvas.
• Then the decorative element should be fixed on top.

Many shops selling door fittings have a rich assortment of locks and handles. For interior doors, push-button and lever handles are more often used. Handles can be made of aluminum, zinc alloys and brass. In addition, the surfaces of door handles, coated with a spray method, can imitate various metals: bronze, gold, nickel and others. Therefore, if you wish, you can always find suitable fittings for a new interior door.

Project economics

The old doors were dismantled in advance, they chose and bought new ones from MDF made in Kherson for 4900 rubles. We paid another 560 rubles for the box and 500 for the APECS hinges. Those. for 2 sets we paid a total of 11 420 rubles.

I do not indicate the manufacturer, since I have no experience in operating its products. But the specified fittings have been known to me for a long time, they have not caused any complaints for many years.

We also bought door handles from APECS, but we postponed the installation until we finish with and when we sew the openings above the door. They cost us 840 rubles each.

Why didn't you install it right away?

MDF will certainly pull moisture out of the solution, so that the door will slightly change its position. You need to give time to get a quality result.

A can of polyurethane foam under the gun should be added to the costs. Its purchase cost 240 rubles for 750 ml. Total general expenses for materials - 13,340 rubles.

What will we save by installing ourselves?

Door installers ask for their work from 900 rubles. But this is not the final price, but the "sighting" price. This amount is taken for ideal conditions: I assembled the box, inserted it into the opening, hung the door, zapil and that's it ...

Since we do not have ideal conditions, the price automatically went up to 1.5 thousand for the door. So 3000 rubles of savings are at stake.

So, let's go!

Field of work

The place of installation is in the photo below. Let me remind you that the repair is carried out in the panel Khrushchev.

The bathroom is separate, they did not combine it. Just decided to do overhaul... Rather, to finish, tk. the owners have already managed to replace the risers and sewerage systems, dismantled the old bathroom, and began to cover the walls with tiles.

I will dwell on the opening in more detail. The old doors of the socialist era were non-standard sizes - 64 cm, while today manufacturers adhere to different standards, producing door leaves 60, 70, 80 and 90 cm wide.

Accordingly, taking doors 70 cm wide, together with the box, we needed 75 cm for installation, while the opening width was 70 cm. So we had to use a puncher and a grinder from the wall to get everything superfluous.

Assembling the box

We started assembling the box. They freed up space on the floor and laid out the parts from the kit.

It turned out that we have no threshold. Without thinking twice, they ran to the local market and bought a pine tree made of laminated veneer lumber. Fortunately, the construction topic is well developed in our country, there are practically no problems with finding materials.

Having bought a threshold, we only needed to cut it to fit the size of the doors.

Lyrical digression: I note that the manufacturer initially glued pieces of cardboard onto the door leaf itself (on the ends), which allow them to accurately maintain the gaps. After the door has been installed and fully secured, they will need to be removed.
I also note that furniture dowels (chopiks) are included with the door. As they say, a trifle, but nice. In general, the doors make a pleasant impression, and the manufacturer's attention to detail only enhances the pleasure of the purchase.

Door assembly

Having assembled the boxes, we try them on in the openings, making sure that there are no distortions. We outline the attachment points for the hinges and install them.

We re-install the assembled structure in the opening. We arm ourselves with a level and set it up, achieving an ideal position.

We use frame trims and pine wedges that act as spacers. They were level and fixed with spacers. We checked the opening and closing of doors, eliminated distortions.

Polyurethane foam was used - all the gaps between the box and the wall were filled.

After all the gaps between the wall and the frame were filled with foam, pieces of cardboard were inserted between the door leaf and the door leaf, similar to the factory ones. Only those elements were installed by the manufacturer for the correct setting of the gaps, and we so that the foam does not wedge the frame during the expansion process.

The doors were left in this position for 5 o'clock. After the foam hardened, the spacers were removed from the cardboard - everything opens and closes without effort.

Completion

Actually, this is where I end my story. It remains only to install the door handles and sew up the openings above the door and you can use the bathroom. The bathroom is still in the process of being renovated, the installation of a washbasin and a bath is still ahead, but I will share this with you in the following photo reports.

It was in the sixties that the Soviet people saw the spark they had been waiting for - they began to move. Move to new elite houses at that time - "Khrushchev". These buildings cost nothing to build - the same details, the same structures. Of course, these apartments were not particularly comfortable - low ceilings, small kitchens, inconvenient layout, but people liked it even now, after so much time, it is “Khrushchevs” that occupy most of the country's housing stock.

However, there is one problem. Times have changed, and today living in "Khrushchev" is considered not even prestigious, but simply inconvenient, especially for large families. But you can also find a way out of this situation - make repairs, change windows and doors, break a couple of walls and voila - the apartment is changing before our eyes!

But what is the most important thing in an apartment? Of course, the door! It is with her that the acquaintance with your home begins, it is she who performs the aesthetic, sound and heat insulation function!

The dimensions of the Khrushchev door openings do not differ from the standard ones: entrance and interior - 0.9 m, bathroom 0.7 m, kitchen 0.8 m and height 2.1 m.

Professional designers advise using sliding structures that perfectly free up the maximum square meters apartments. Also here you can include glass, visually expanding the space, door systems.

There are several types of layouts for Khrushchev. The people jokingly called them "vests", "half-sleeves" and "trams".

The favorite doors since the USSR have become and there are standard swing doors with one or two canvases. However, there are actually many more variations than you might imagine. Replace conventional standard doors with sliding doors, and you will not only save space, but also bring a touch of originality to your interior.

You can also use a folding, sliding or glass structure in the kitchen. Many housewives give up the door in this room in favor of American films, where the kitchen and dining room are separated by a stylish bar counter or some piece of furniture. However, it should be noted with regret that these solutions are not for our apartments. "Khrushchevs" are simply not designed for this. And if you cook a lot, the range hood will not cope with the amount of food odors that usually reign in the kitchen. That is why, when solving the problem of choosing a door to the kitchen, all sorts of partitions with patterns, drawings, pictures and even photographs come to the rescue.

By the way, when choosing a door to the kitchen, pay attention to the water resistance of the material from which you are going to purchase the doors. These and other tips given above will help you solve the problem of planning and choosing a door in the best possible way.

Unfortunately, most of our compatriots while away their days are not in the royal mansions. Owners of the "classic" odnushka face to face with the problem of small kitchens, the area of ​​which sometimes approaches the size of a single cell. The consequence of this is the question of how to enlarge the kitchen, at least visually? Although not wide, there is still a choice, and the specific option depends on what you want to get at the output. So let's find out what choice this little room leaves us with.

Knight's move: total redevelopment of the premises

Having asked the tenant of such an apartment a question about what does not suit him in a typical kitchen, complaints about the area will not be the only complaint. Houses named after Nikita Sergeevich were built by the forces of the Soviet army and prisoners, as reminiscent of an inept pipe system, plasterboard walls between the toilet and the kitchen, and other flaws.

Due to this author's approach to the infrastructure, the already small area becomes even smaller, and there is simply no room for the necessary furniture and equipment. And many decide to take a radical step, the result of which is a complete redevelopment of the kitchen in Khrushchev.

The idea is worthwhile, but there is one caveat. It is strictly forbidden to engage in redevelopment without the consent of certain authorities; besides, it cannot be touched upon during reconstruction load-bearing walls, only partitions are subject to demolition and movement.

Combining kitchen and living area

One of the most common options. The purpose of such movements is to decorate the kitchen in the Khrushchev into a single space with the living room and turn the small room into an integral dining room or kitchen-living room. In this way, it approaches the popular style of a studio apartment today. What are the benefits of this redevelopment:

• The room is becoming more spacious, and the small kitchen in Khrushchev finally accommodates all the necessary equipment and fittings
• The area of ​​the apartment, of course, does not change, however, removing the extra walls of the Khrushchev in this regard visually expands the space. Rooms become larger and more spacious, and narrow walls no longer oppress
• Everything is always in sight. Plus for families with small children, a kitchen without a door allows you to keep your kids under constant supervision
• Instead of a wall, there is a bar counter. Convenient and beautiful option delimiting the zones of the room. It is also useful as a table, especially if you lead a bachelor lifestyle.

All good things tend to end, so you should pay special attention to the inconveniences that come as a result of the idea for Khrushchev:

1. Now you won't leave a mountain of unwashed dishes in the sink, you have to clean the kitchen more often than usual
2. Smells. Now even a hood will not help much from aromas. fried fish or a simmered onion. The same problem with noise, meat crunching will spread throughout the room without obstacles.
3. In large families, this is fraught with the loss of personal space, you constantly see everyone, they also see you. Sometimes it is uncomfortable.
4. And of course, the absorption of aromas by the furniture. Again, a cooker hood will improve the situation a little, but there is no escaping the pungent aromas.

Offset of partitions and openings

If one demolished wall seems to you too radical a way out of the situation, then you can enlarge the room by moving this very wall. Relying on typical layout apartments, the following options are available:

• An easy option is to shift the opening from the corridor to the living room. Thus, which in the future can be furnished with the necessary equipment. In the end, built-in appliances in a Khrushchev are needed no less than in private houses. It remains only to figure out how to arrange an opening in the wall
• Another approach is to move the entire partition deeper into the room. Due to such a move, you reduce the space of the bedroom and living room, however, the working area of ​​the kitchen increases significantly. The question immediately arises again, what should be the design of doorways
• A unique option of its kind is the joining of the balcony to the kitchen area. It is not difficult to do this, but first you have to insulate the balcony itself.

So far, these methods remain the only ones that somehow help bring the small kitchens of Khrushchev to a divine appearance. It is mistakenly believed that you can move the kitchen to another room, but this should not be done. First, it is prohibited. sanitary standards, above living quarters, it is impossible to install drainpipes and embed the gas system.

Breaking - not building: playing with the original area

A spacious and beautiful kitchen seduces everyone, but not everyone is ready to demolish or move walls for various reasons. It is costly, and besides, it is a rather dirty job, moreover, you will have to move the doorway, the design of which takes time. And since the redevelopment is agreed upon, sometimes such projects not only do not pay off, but also turn out to be unprofitable. The architect determines the acceptable boundaries of the walls, for which he will have to pay.

Like new: total renovation

Typical houses are a tribute to the history of the USSR, so there is no need to talk about novelty, and a small kitchen in Khrushchev is far from the only problem. Renovation begins with checking and replacing supply and drainage systems, and then wondering what the ideal kitchen finish should be.

Why is it important to start by changing water and gas pipes? Because the most convenient option for kitchen furnishings is built-in modules. Such systems stand up tightly, uniting under a single tabletop, so getting access to communications after installing the kitchen will be extremely problematic, and condensation on the back covers of furniture can lead to the growth of mold and mildew

A clear work plan will help to avoid these troubles, which includes a complete overhaul of communication systems - from replacing pipes and wiring, to isolating and masking them. Since this will be done by professionals, you need to think over the design of the space in advance so that the table in the kitchen does not stand right next to the water supply pipe. The electrician is also thought out in advance, questions about the installation and dismantling of sockets should be resolved before the start of the arrangement.

As a result, what design should be implemented in our premises? There are a lot of options, you are constrained only by the monetary framework and taste preferences. So, what should you pay attention to before choosing a design:

1. What is a kitchen without hanging shelves? But before choosing them, check the walls for strength, in particular - the wall of the bathroom. Most often it is made of a fragile material, so it is dangerous to hang anything on it. You can simply decorate it, or you can demolish and build a new one, but this is costly
2. Turn the window sill into a work surface. It will not become superfluous, so think over its level in advance
3. Think about where what color you will use, white kitchen in Khrushchev with the addition of gloss - a logical option, it will visually expand the space. It is worth abandoning interior doors and decorating the opening without a door as an arch or a wide frame with light tulle
4. Avoid superfluous ceiling structures. One chandelier with retraction is enough
5. If you have a gas water heater, replace it with an electric heater. It's easier and cheaper. In addition, there will be free space for a locker.

Stylistics in Khrushchev's kitchen

As soon as the question of choosing furniture arises, problems immediately begin. Stores are packed with ready-made solutions, but none will fit the area of ​​a typical kitchen. In addition, here the struggle is for centimeters, all space goes into action, "dead" zones are unacceptable.

The best option is custom-made furniture, the price of which is determined by the material and dimensions. An expensive but win-win way, because it is better to put the kitchen once and for all, rather than torment yourself and adjust the purchased furniture to the size of the room. And you can't cut home appliances. By the way, here's what you should pay attention to: you need to order the kitchen only after completion finishing works... A mistake of half a centimeter promises you a new headache.

Let us digress and give a few ideas for the ergonomic use of the room:

• Add transparent elements to your kitchen, such as a table, drawer doors, and even shelves. This approach will add freshness to a stuffy room.
• The built-in refrigerator is not best idea for Khrushchev cuisine, there is little volume in it, and in terms of dimensions it is much larger than usual
• Do not oversaturate the room with color, a storm of colors in a confined space looks clumsy and visually eats up the space
• Make wall cabinets for the ceiling - this saves space, and you don't have to wipe the dust
• Use White color and glossy surfaces in combination with thin frames and glass, and doorways, the design of which does not accept solid doors, can be equipped with sliding glass doors
• Use hybrid appliances: instead of a gas stove and dishwasher, opt for expensive but winning combinations

Decor technique

WATCH THE VIDEO

Even kitchens in Khrushchevs are functional and beautiful. In the decor, avoid "heaviness" - the curtains in the kitchen of the Khrushchev, the abundance of magnets on the refrigerator (yes, they too), wall plates and other little things. When rooms merge, the design of openings without doorways can be reduced to an arched passage of a neutral color.

When choosing a color, keep in mind that kitchens in Khrushchev do not require special approach in terms of color, however, dark tones should be avoided.

Summarizing

So, summing up the article, let's say that the choice of the final style and design lies with you, however, relying on the wrong rules and examples that we have collected for you, you will avoid mistakes, and even better - save your time, money and nerves.