Posonnik (Eupatorium)- a plant unfamiliar to gardeners, but those who are lucky enough to grow it value it very much for its catchy and at the same time delicate appearance. The foreign name for spotted sapling is Spotted Joe-Pye Weed. Joy Pie was a Native American explorer who lived in New England during the American Revolution and sold various medicinal herbs to the colonists. At that time, sapwood was used to treat typhoid fever. 
The plant is native to eastern North America (USDA hardiness zone 4-8). The height of straight, strong, weakly leafy stems can reach 2 meters. The bushes, although powerful, are quite compact and capacious in width. The color of the stems is often bright and also very decorative. The inflorescences are complex shields (like, for example, yarrow), huge, bright, expressive. Color: white, purple. Excellent for cutting or winter compositions.
Photos of flowers:
Eupatorium maculatum, inflorescences
A striking feature of the plant is that after flowering the inflorescences acquire an attractive silvery tint (this can be seen in the first photo of the collage above, the inflorescence has begun to turn silver), thus, this crop is timeless, it is decorative throughout the season, and is very popular in autumn gardens.
Skempton Walled Garden, UK, end of October.
Some varieties have extremely decorative foliage, such as Eupatorium rugosum ‘Chocolate’.
Eupatorium rugosum ‘Chocolate’
Types and varieties
Most often in domestic and foreign gardens you can find two types:
- Spotted (Eupatorium maculatum).
- Purple (Eupatorium purpureum).
In fact, there are 126 species in the genus sapweed, and another 220 species of plants are probably related to it.
Spotted sapling - Eupatorium maculatum, variety ‘Big Umbrella’
Purple - Eupatorium purpureum.
Eupatorium fistulosum ‘Bartered Bride’
A modern compact foreign variety of Eupatorium dubium ‘Baby Joe’. But there is an assumption that this is purple sapling (Eutrochium purpureum).
Spotted sapling "Atropurpureum"- under this name you can find spotted sapling from domestic agricultural companies (for example, "Poisk", the garden center "Eurosad", or the nursery near Moscow "Eco Garden" (eko-sad.ru)) - this is a large plant, up to 2 meters in height, cost seedlings - about 250-500 rubles for a rhizome 2 years old. You should buy in March-April. In fact, there are many varieties of spotted sapwood, at least a dozen.
Landing, choosing a seat
Can grow in any soil, but best choice – loose fertile areas because in nature the plant actively grows in moist, fertile areas. The attitude to light is the same, it can grow in partial shade and even in the shade, although in good light it looks more compact. It is moisture-loving, and the height of the stems even depends on this; the more moisture, the taller the plant will be.
When landing, proceed as follows:
- The rhizome is buried 20 cm. It is necessary that the growth buds be covered with a 5 cm layer of soil, the window sill does not freeze, but such cover is still necessary to avoid the impact of return frosts on fresh shoots in the spring.
- The distance between plants is 35-40 cm.
- Cover the top with a layer of mulch (sawdust, peat, humus).
- Until the plant takes root, abundant watering is needed.
Shoots of a plant in spring.
Care
Not complicated, the plant is unpretentious. Winters well in Middle lane, only very young, not yet properly rooted plants need to be covered.
Many novice gardeners are frightened by the fact that seedlings are not visible for a long time in the spring. The plant really grows late - this is normal, the first shoots appear only in mid-May.
During the summer, watering will be required during drought; the plant loves moisture. It is resistant to drought, that is, in a dry summer the plant will not die, but it will lose its decorative value: the edges of the leaves will dry out.
Responsive to feeding: complex mineral fertilizers are suitable.
For winter, the stems are cut off.
The plant is grown in one place for 5 to 10 years, then the bushes should be rejuvenated by replanting them.
It is not affected by pests or diseases - the plant is poisonous.
Reproduction
Seeds
Seeds are sown for seedlings in March. Preliminary stratification for a month in the refrigerator increases germination. The seeds are small, they are laid out on the surface or sprinkled with sand. Water with water or a weak solution of potassium permanganate and cover with transparent material. Germination should be expected within 2-3 weeks. The seedlings are regularly ventilated, gradually accustoming them to fresh air. Picking - when 4-5 true sources appear.
IN open ground planted after the threat of return frosts has passed.
Plants grown in this way will bloom in the 3rd year.
If the sill flowers are not cut off, the plant can reproduce by self-sowing.
Dividing the bush
Like any rhizomatous plant, the sapling propagates well by dividing the bush. Bushes older than 5 years are divided, although there are recommendations to divide exclusively young plants 2-3 years old. Division is carried out in the spring, as soon as the young shoots begin to grow and it is clearly visible how many growth points the plant has. There should be at least 3 buds on one division. The dug up rhizomes are cut with a sharp knife or shovel with a sharp movement. The cuttings are sprinkled with crushed coal and immediately planted, providing the young plants with abundant watering.
Division in the fall is possible, but this is more difficult, since flowering occurs in August-September, and the divisions must have time to take root before the cold weather.
Kidneys
The method is used in the spring. Buds with shoots 5 cm long are cut out with a piece of rhizome. They are planted in planting boxes, maintaining a distance of 7 cm between the plants. In August, the rooted plants are transplanted into open ground.
Variety Riesenschirm
Sill in garden design
The plant is used:
- There are flower beds in the background.
- Looks great both alone and in a group.
- Along the banks of reservoirs.
- Next to .
- For or outbuildings.
The famous Dutch landscape designer Piet Oudolf actively used this plant in his unearthly compositions as the dominant vertical. The silvery soft tones of the plant look magical, and the combinations of plants with the sill are incredibly picturesque:
The sapling is spotted.
Hello, dear friends!
When they talk about choleretic herbs, many people think of immortelle; when it comes to colds, flu and coughs, then only coltsfoot and linden blossom come to mind, but to calm your nerves and sleep better, of course, you need to drink valerian and motherwort. What else?
It also grows in our meadows, along quiet rivers, “fog-grass”. No one will say for sure where the name came from. Perhaps because the smoky pink clusters of flowers look majestically and mysteriously through the fog of the morning haze.
And most likely, because the plant has been in the shadow of medicine for many centuries, its healing properties have not yet been fully determined, and our knowledge about it is vague.
Scientifically this flower is called. IN folk medicine it has several names - sedach, noble hemp, royal grass, king's grass, horse's mane, cunigond's grass. Why royal? Maybe because it looks regal among the low grass, or maybe because its healing power is quite worthy of queens.
Sedach is a strong choleretic, antiviral, antipyretic and sedative. Taking herbal infusion not only helps reduce blood pressure, but also effectively reduces cholesterol in the blood. Therefore, sedach is one of the best anti-sclerotic herbs.
Since ancient times, tea has been brewed from it, which has a slightly bitter taste. The drink was successful in North America, where it is prepared from perforated sapwood, which has similar properties. This plant was used by early American settlers, who had to live in wooden huts with dirt floors where it was cold and damp. They drank a cup of this tea at night to warm up and calm their nerves. The perforated window sill is one of the best means to treat colds. The American Indians used it primarily to treat influenza fever, but it also relieves headaches and fever by increasing the production of sweat. At one time, sapwood was called “joe-pie” - in honor of a New England doctor who treated typhus with it.
In 1874, the Dutch physician Girard von Schmidt wrote a short work, “On the Cure of Cancer.” In this work, he reported that he brought the guaco plant from Dutch India, which he used to cure the famous French writer Alexandre Dumas of tongue cancer. By the way, Indian guaco appearance has a great resemblance to the hemp sapling that grows here. And I think it is no coincidence that in Russian medicine, poultices made from sapling grass have long been used in the treatment of tumors. In confirmation of this: recently, a substance called eupatoriopicrin, which has an antitumor effect, was discovered in the European saplings. Further, interest in the hemp-like plant was revived when immunostimulants were discovered in it, increasing the body’s resistance to viral infections.
The use of “fog-herb” in Russian medicine is much wider. It cures not only a runny nose and incipient flu conditions, but also bronchitis, pneumonia, 
asthma. Increasing bile secretion by more than 25%, the plant is successfully used for diseases of the liver, gall bladder, cholecystitis, hepatitis and compensation for hepatic cirrhosis. The infusion is drunk for rheumatic pain and arthritis.
In my practice of herbal medicine, I have repeatedly achieved success using hemp sap for kidney diseases: pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, kidney stones. Sedach is effective for any swelling and dropsy localized in the abdominal cavity and lower limbs. An alcohol tincture of the roots is a sure remedy for prostatitis and cystitis.
In addition to its diuretic properties, I would like to note its laxative effect. An aqueous infusion of the herb and a decoction of the roots enhances the activity of the stomach and intestines; they are useful for bloating, gastritis, lack of appetite and dry mouth.
“When you have a cough, grind hemp-like sapwood in a mortar and mix its juice with boiling milk; strain and drink.”
The great ancient physician Ibn Sina (Avicenna) noted its effectiveness at the onset of “fox” and “snake” diseases. “Fox disease” - baldness, “snake disease” - severe peeling of the skin (possibly ichthyosis). In his opinion:
“The squeezed juice of the sapling, if you drink it with smokeberry juice, as well as its flowers, are useful for jaraba and scabies, but the juice has a stronger effect.”
Jarab is either an erymatous-flaky form of scab or psoriasis. And further Ibn Sina notes:
“They give it to drink with wine, and it helps against ulcers in the intestines... Sapling juice will help when the mucus is salty (for old people) or when yellow bile overcomes.”
According to a report by academician Ivan Lepekhin in 1789, sapwood was used in the area around the city of Murom against rabies. He wrote that there
“... excellent herbs grew. Between them, most of the space was occupied by hemp, to which residents have refuge during a frenzy resulting from the bite of a rabid dog or a poisonous reptile...”
I would especially like to note the external use of the plant: freshly crushed leaves are an effective compress for dilating the capillaries of the skin of the nose and cheeks. The procedure must be repeated every other day.
Doses for oral administration: pour 3 teaspoons of the herb into 2 cups of boiling water, leave overnight. Drink in 3 doses on an empty stomach. Use for hypertension, cholesterolemia, neurosis, insomnia, flu, fever.
Pour one teaspoon of root powder into half a glass of water and take it at night as a choleretic and laxative.
Pour 70 - 80 g of root powder into 0.5 liters of vodka. Leave for 2 weeks, strain. Take 40 drops per glass of water for prostate diseases and cystitis.
In conclusion, I would like to remind you: no flu epidemic will affect you in the future, stress will not plunge you into the abyss of depression if you have royal herb tea on hand. And she is very close - behind a veil of fog.
Igor LEVOCHKIN
herbalist at the Blagovest Center for Traditional Medicine
Several years ago I was looking for a plant for my garden that would help me hide the neighbor’s shed, which stood close to my fence. It really spoiled the look of my flower garden, and also created a shadow that many plants cannot tolerate. After a long search, I noticed a perennial plant with a resort name eupatorium.
Knowing that perennials are not easy to grow from seeds, I still bought a bag of seeds for planting, since I couldn’t find any other planting material anywhere. At the beginning of April, I mixed the seeds with fine sand and sowed them in a box on the surface of moistened soil, sprayed them with a spray bottle and covered them with glass. After about ten days, small shoots appeared. The seedlings grew very slowly. When a couple of real leaves appeared, I transplanted them into cups. At the beginning of June, I planted the seedlings in a cold greenhouse and only planted them in a permanent place the following spring.
The first year the Eupatorium grew slowly, but in the second year, as soon as the earth warmed up well, a sprout appeared, which already reached one meter at the end of July, and at the beginning of September it pleased me with a hat purple flowers. Now Evpatorium is a decoration of my garden. It blooms when most perennials have already bloomed. From a distance, its bloom resembles the bloom of lilac. After flowering, the plant remains decorative until late autumn. Later I learned that this plant also has another name - hemp sapling. It also has popular names: noble, hemp, hemp, water hemp, horse's mane, dead nettle, Cunegonde's grass, turnip, turnip, bur, sedach, sedash, sidach, water dogs, royal grass, king's grass, fog, shaposhnik.
Description of the plant
Hemp sapling (Eupatoria cannabinum L.) is a perennial herbaceous plant of the Asteraceae family, 70-180 cm high, with an erect stem. The leaves are slightly fluffy, serrated, opposite. The baskets are collected at the top of the stem by a corymbose panicle. The flowers are reddish-purple. Fruits with a tuft. The roots and grass have a specific smell and bitter taste. Blooms in July–September. The genus contains over 600 species, distributed in Europe, Asia, America and tropical Africa. In nature, hemp sapling grows in swampy meadows, river banks and streams.
Sill varieties:
Flore Pleno
- with double flowers. Height up to 170 cm.
Variety Variegatum
- with bright pink flowers. Height up to 75 cm.
Main types of sill:
Wrinkled sapling(Eupatorium rugosa). It differs from other species in having oval, toothed, opposite leaves and white flowers.
Purple sapling(Eupatorium purpureum).
Spotted sapling(Eupatorium maculatum).
Growing conditions and care:
Hemp sapling is an unpretentious plant, frost-resistant, but requires little shelter in winters with little snow. Loves damp, marshy soils, but can grow in other areas.
In early spring, you need to handle the plant carefully, because fragile shoots can easily be damaged. The sapling will begin to grow only when the threat of frost has passed. Use: In my garden, Eupatorium grows in group plantings, in the background of the flower garden. The plant grows best in partial shade; in the sun, the flowers fade and take on a dirty tint. Since the window sill loves moisture, it is suitable for decorating the shore of a reservoir. A good combination of Eupatorium with Solidago hybrid or Canadian. Hemp sapwood is used in homeopathy and traditional medicine.
Reproduction: seeds, dividing the bush in autumn and spring and cuttings.
Collection and processing of raw materials: WITH therapeutic purpose roots and grass (stems, leaves, flowers) are used. The roots are harvested in early spring or late autumn. Leaves are in spring, and flowers are at the end of the flowering period. Dried raw materials are used to prepare tinctures.
Medicinal properties.
Hemp sap has a laxative, diuretic, diaphoretic, choleretic, anthelmintic, and, in large doses, an emetic effect. It also has a bactericidal, anti-inflammatory and wound-healing effect. A water infusion in folk medicine is used for diarrhea, gastritis, colitis, jaundice, edema, malaria, and hepatitis. Taking an infusion of herbs not only helps lower blood pressure, but also reduces cholesterol in the blood.
German folk medicine water infusion sapling herbs are used for incipient flu conditions accompanied by fevers, for coughs, bronchitis, pneumonia, runny nose, as a diuretic in the presence of edema, externally for washing and local baths for bruises, skin lesions, ulcers and wounds.
Hemp sapling is used to treat skin itching caused by liver failure, as well as the appearance of rosacea.
Application.
1. 25 g of dry crushed hemp grass per 1 liter of boiling water, leave for 20-30 minutes, strain. Take 1 glass warm, slowly, in sips 2-3 times a day 30-40 minutes before meals for flu, colds, accompanied by fever.
2. Three tablespoons of chopped dry herbs per two glasses of boiling water, leave overnight, strain. Take 1/4 cup three times a day before meals for hypertension and cholesterolemia.
3. Take 5 g of hemp root powder in half a glass of water at night before bed as a choleretic and laxative.
4. Freshly crushed leaves of the plant are used in the form of compresses to dilate the capillaries of the skin of the nose and cheeks. The procedure is repeated every other day.
Contraindications.
No known cases of occurrence side effects from the use of hemp saplings. However, due to the presence of alkaloids, which can be poisonous in large doses, you should adhere to the recommended dosage when taking the drugs.
Tatyana Lybina, florist, Dzhezkazgan
Photo by the author
HEMP SLEEP- Eupatorium cannabium L
Family Compositae (Asteraceae) - Asteraceae Dumort.
- (folk names noble hemp, hemp, water hemp, horse's mane, dead nettle, Cunegonde's grass, perennial petishnik, turnip (Mogil.), turnip, bur, sedach (Ukraine), sedash, sidach, water shells, royal grass, grass queen, fog, shaposhnik (Orl.) - a herbaceous pubescent plant with a straight branched stem 75-175 cm high. The leaves are slightly fluffy, on short petioles, opposite, dissected into 3 long-pointed, lanceolate, claw-serrate segments, glandular below. , bisexual, tubular with two long, thread-like lobes of the pistil, collected in 4-6 baskets at the top of the stem. Receptacle: 5 stamens, ovary inferior, unilocular, with one style and bifid stigma.
The fruit is achenes with a tuft.
Blooms in the second half of summer.
Distributed in the European part of Russia (except for the North), in Ukraine (except for Crimea), in Belarus, the Caucasus, Altai, in the south of Western Siberia, in the southwestern regions Central Asia. General distribution: Scandinavia, Central, Atlantic and Southern Europe, Balkan Peninsula, Asia Minor, Turkish Armenia, Iran. Growing in large groups in damp places, along the banks of streams, rivers, in ravines, forest valleys, along swampy bushes.
Roots and grass (stems, leaves, flowers) are used for medicinal purposes. The roots are harvested in late autumn, the grass in June-August.
The herb contains sesquiterpene lactone, zupatornopicrin, zupirin, alpha-lacgucerol, 1-inositol, essential oil(up to 0.3%), rutin, hyperoside, tannins, saponins, ascorbic acid, resin, choline, inulin, astragalin, isoquercitrin, coumaric and ferulic acids, aromatic hydroxy acids (caffeic, chlorogenic, isochlorogenic). Essential oil, zuperin, carbohydrates, including inulin, were found in the roots. The plant has a laxative, diuretic, diaphoretic, choleretic, hypotensive, wound-healing, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effect.
A water infusion in folk medicine is used for diarrhea, gastritis, colitis, jaundice, edema, malaria, and hepatitis. Taking an infusion of herbs not only helps lower blood pressure, but also reduces cholesterol in the blood. German folk medicine uses an aqueous infusion of the herb for influenza-like conditions accompanied by fevers, for coughs, bronchitis, pneumonia, runny nose, as a diuretic in the presence of edema, externally - for washing and local baths for bruises, skin lesions, ulcers and wounds.
Methods of preparation and use:
1. 25 g of dry chopped herb window sill hemp in 1 liter of boiling water, leave for 20-30 minutes, strain. Take 1 glass warm in slow sips 2-3 times a day 30-40 minutes before meals for flu, colds, accompanied by fever.
2. 3 tablespoons of chopped dry herbs in 2 cups of boiling water, leave overnight, strain. Take 1/4 cup 3 times a day before meals for hypertension and cholesterolemia.
3. 5 g of root powder window sill take hemp in half a glass of water at night before bed as a choleretic and laxative.
4. Freshly crushed leaves of the plant are used in the form of compresses to dilate the capillaries of the skin of the nose and cheeks (the procedure is repeated every other day.
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is a perennial, reaching a height of two meters, with a well-developed root system and a dense thick stem. The leaves are ovoid, elongated with jagged edges and have a green-blue tint. The flowers are small tubular, collected in paniculate inflorescences. Large inflorescences bloom in white, pink, blue, and red colors.
Did you know? Purple sapling is popularly known by such names as water drop, royal grass, horse mane, fog, hemp, migra, sidach.
Purple sapling: chemical composition
Chemical composition window sill not fully studied. It is known that purple sapling contains esters, pyrrolizidine alkaloids, higher fatty acids, flavonoids, resins, carbohydrates, ascorbic and caffeic acids, and minerals (iron phosphate, potassium chloride, silicon dioxide, calcium, sodium).
Medicinal properties of purple sapling
The healing properties of the sapling have provided it with a wide range of application.The grass and roots of the sapling are used as an analgesic, wound healing, bactericidal, anti-inflammatory, anthelmintic, choleretic, laxative, and expectorant. Poskonnik is used both for the treatment of the urinary system and as a sedative in neurology. Scientists continue to study the medicinal properties of the sapling.
Important! Overdose of purple sapwood causes severe vomiting.
The use of purple sapling in folk medicine
In folk medicine, poskonnik is in great demand. Even the American Indians could not do without this plant. The famous Joe Pye treated typhus with sapwood. Sidach is used as the main component in dietary supplements, and when independently preparing mixtures, ointments, tinctures, and decoctions.
Steamed crushed sapling grass is used as compresses to relieve tumors. Poskonnik tincture can be useful for flu or colds; it is also used to stabilize the processes of the digestive tract.
For high cholesterol and hypertension: 6 grams of crushed stems are poured into 500 ml of dill and left to brew for twelve hours, filtered. Take a quarter cup of the decoction before bed.
Biliary, laxative: two tablespoons of powder from the roots of the sapling are diluted in ½ cup of boiled water. Drink the product before going to bed.
For weight loss: 8 grams of sapwood are dissolved in a liter of red wine, left for 12 hours. Drink fifty grams after meals for a month.
For flus and colds: 25 grams of sapling grass are poured with a liter of dill and left for half an hour, filtered. You need to take one glass of warm broth (drink in slow sips) three times a day, half an hour before meals.
Did you know?In the 19th century, thousands of people died from sapwood poisoning in Europe. Due to the fact that the leaves of the plant are similar to nettle leaves, they were confused.
How sapwood is used in cosmetology
Due to its protective properties, purple sapling is used in the manufacture of sunscreens. The components that make up it can protect the skin from harmful ultraviolet rays. In cosmetology, it is used to eliminate skin defects, heal and regenerate the dermis, and lighten the skin.
Pokonnik helps cleanse the skin, has an antiseptic effect and prevents the appearance of purulent foci. Sidach has a constricting effect on capillaries.
Procurement of raw materials from the saplings
The roots of royal grass are often used; the stems are in less demand. The roots are harvested in the fall after budding. The roots are carefully dug up with a garden shovel, freed from the soil and stored for drying in ventilated areas. For the most part, the roots are used in powder form, so after drying it must be crushed.
Hemp grass is harvested during budding. The stems are carefully cut with garden pruners and laid out in a thin ball to dry outside in the shade. To ensure the safety of the grass and roots, you need to make sure that not a drop of moisture remains in them. If you do not completely dry the herb, mold may grow in the container during storage and your work will go down the drain. Ground root powder, like the herb, is best stored in dark glass or tin containers. The containers must be filled very tightly to displace as much air as possible.
Contraindications and harm from the use of purple sapling
In addition to its healing properties, purple sapling has contraindications for use. With prolonged use, the alkaloids contained in the plant accumulate in the body, which can cause hepatotoxicity in people with liver diseases.