How times in English are formed, consider using tables and formulas. As in Russian there is a past, present and future time, and in each time there are four groups that transmit the nature of the action, i.e. expressing the action of the action to this time or other action. For their understanding, we consider the formula of education of times in English.
Know temporary shades Even the verb shape is even necessary for the one who puts such a limited task as the translation of English technical texts, because no verbal form (as well as a single article) is not present in the text just, by chance, as it fell, and always clarifies The idea of \u200b\u200bthe author, bringing it to ultimate expressiveness.
Education formulas in English
Active. | Passive | |
INDEFINITE (SIMPLE) | V 2 V (VS) Will V | bE. V 3. |
Continuous (Progressive) | bE.Ving. | be being.
V 3. usually not used in the future |
Perfect. | have V 3. | have Been. V 3. |
Perfect-Continuous.
(Perfect-Progressive) |
have Been. Ving. | have Been Being.
V 3. usually not used |
The time of action in any design is shown by the form of the verb " bE. "Or verb" have "(Emphasized), except for a simple time of the actual pledge INDEFINITE ACTIVE (SIMPLE ACTIVE).
Basic Temporary English Groups
What are the main temporary English groups? First of all, you should well assimilate the difference between english words:
1) "Time." - time ( astronomical, by the clock, existing in nature, regardless of anyone). It can be divided into:
past. - past pRESENT. - the present, future - Future.
2) "Tense." - time grammatical (nature of action), a species-temporal verb change system.
In English distinguish 4 "Tense." - Groups:
INDEFINITE (SIMPLE)
The Indefinite. Tense. (TheirSimple Tense.) - Uncertain (simple) time. It is used to establish the facts of performing action, events, truth, regularly repetitive actions.
In English grammar, this time is called Simple Tense. (simple time). In each grammatical group ( Tense.) there is a logical time ( Time.). Therefore, we differ the Past Indefinite, The Present Indefinite, The Future Indefinite Tense Forms.
Continuous (Progressive)
TheirContinuous Tense. (TheirPROGRESSIVE TENSE.) - Long (continued) time denotes action in the process his leaky Currently in the present, and at a certain point in the past or future.
Perfect.
TheirPerfect Tense. - Perfect (completed) time denotes act that accomplished to this point in the present, and to a certain point in the past or future.
Perfect Continuous (Perfect Progressive)
TheirPerfect Continuous Tense. (TheirPERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSE.) - Perfect long-term (continued) time denotes act that continued some period of time Before the onset of this point in the present, and a certain point in the past or future and may continue after.
The name of each group transmits the essence of this time.
Table of English times in a valid pledge
Time | |||
Character of action | Past. | PRESENT. | Future |
INDEFINITE (SIMPLE)
fact- a statement of action |
V 2. | V. / Vs. | will V. |
Continuous (Progressive)
process- action in the process of committing |
was Ving. were Ving. |
am Ving. is Ving. are Ving. |
will Be Ving. |
Perfect.
result- Perfect action to a certain point |
hAD V 3. | have v 3. hAS V 3. |
will Have V 3 |
Perfect-Continuous.
(Perfect-Progressive) duration - process for a certain period of time |
had Been Ving. | have Been Ving. has Been Ving. |
will Have Been Ving |
The conventions used in the table:
V. - First form. Word shape of the semantic verb (infinitive without a particle to.).
V 2. - Second form. Verb last time ( Past Indefinite.).
V 3. - Third shape. Past participle ( Past Participle. or Participle II.).
Ving. - fourth form. Primera present ( Present Participle. or Participle I.) and gerundium ( Gerund.).
Vs. - verb in the 3rd face of the only number of the present time ( Present Indefinite.) It has ending -s.
(-es.
).
V 2. and V 3. Forms of the right verbs are formed by adding to infinitive -ed,
incorrect verbs These forms form a different way.
V. or Vs. - Regular action.
to Be Ving. - Long effect.
have ved. - Completed action.
have Been Ving. - The action that has already has a certain period of time.
to Be + Ving - "Be doing"
to have + v 3 - "Have a done"
English times - Table with examples (Active Voice)
Time | |||
Character of action | Past. | PRESENT. | Future |
INDEFINITE (SIMPLE)
fact |
I Wrote a Letter Yesterday. I wrote (wrote) Letter yesterday. |
I Write Letters Every Day. I write letters every day. |
I Will Write A Letter Tomorrow. I will write (I will write) Letter tomorrow. |
Continuous (Progressive)
process |
I Was Writing a Letter AT Five O "Clock. I wrote a letter at five o'clock. |
I am Writing a Letter (at the present moment). I am writing a letter (at the moment). |
I Will Be Writing a Letter AT Five O "Clock. I will write a letter at five o'clock. |
Perfect.
result |
I HAD WRITTEN THE LETTER by Five O "Clock. I (already) wrote a letter to five o'clock. |
I Have Written The Letter. I (already) wrote a letter (so far). |
I Will Have Written The Letter by Five O "Clock. I will write a letter to five o'clock. |
Perfect-Continuous.
(Perfect-Progressive) duration |
I HAD BEEN WRITING THE Letter for An Hour When He Came. I wrote a letter (already) an hour when he came. |
I Have Been Writing The Letter for An Hour. I am writing a letter (already) an hour. |
I Will Have Been Writing The Letter for An Hour When He Comes. I will write a letter (already) an hour when it comes. |
Education, negative and negative forms of verb
Question of verb
In all times, it is formed by the submission of auxiliary verb in a place before the subject. IN PRESENT. and Past Indefinite. to do. . If the shape of the auxiliary verb is complex, to the subject to be put first auxiliary verb:
Do I Write?
DID I WRITE?
Will I Write?
Am I Writing?
Have I Written?
Will I Be Writing?
Have I Been Writing?
Negative shape of verb
In all times, it is formed using a negative particle not. which is placed after auxiliary verb, and with the complex form of the auxiliary verb - after the first auxiliary verb.
In negative form in Present Indefinite. Auxiliary verb is used to do. in the form of the present time Past Indefinite. - dID (Form last time verb to do. ):
I do not write. |
I don "T Write. |
Questionally negative verb
All times are formed as follows: auxiliary the verb is set to the subject, and particle not. - After subject to:
Do I Not Write?
DID I NOT WRITE?
Have I not Been Writing?
With an abbreviated and negative form of a particle not. put in front of the subject and merges with auxiliary verb, and the letter about in a word not. falls out both in writing and pronunciation:
DON "T I WRITE?
DIDN "T I WRITE?
Haven "T I Been Writing?
Future In The Past - Future time in the past
In addition to the 12 forms of verbs of the present, past and future, there are four forms Future in the Past - There is a future time in the past, that is, the future from the point of view of the past, namely:
- Future Indefinite in the Past (the future is uncertain in the past),
- Future Continuous In The Past (Future long lasting),
- Future Perfect In The Past (Future committed in the past),
- Future Perfect Continuous In The Past (Future perfect long lasting).
These forms, in contrast to the usual forms of the future time, serve to express action, which is not the future for the moment of speech, but in relation to the past moment, that is, to express the future action, which was spent in the past.
All forms Future in the Past Forms just like forms Future, with the only difference that instead of auxiliary verbs shall and wILL consumed according to their form of past time shld and would .
Future in the Past | |
INDEFINITE (SIMPLE)
fact |
I SAID THAT I WOULD WRITE A Letter to HIM. I said that I will write him a letter. |
Continuous (Progressive)
process |
I SAID THAT I Would BE Writing a Letter AT 5 O "Clock. I said I will write a letter at five o'clock. |
Perfect.
result |
I SAID THAT I Would Have Written The Letter by 5 O "Clock. I said that I will write a letter to five o'clock. |
Perfect-Continuous.
(Perfect-Progressive) duration |
I SAID THAT I Would Have Been Writing The Letter for An Hour When He Came. I said that I (already) I will write a letter to an hour when he comes. |
Video lessons about times in English
Video lesson about times in English (English as on notes)
The author of the video lesson Oleg Vegan, is now working on Puzzle-English, making song reviews. If you enjoyed the video, then click on the link to see your other lessons on this and other topics.
Video lessons about times in English from speakeng.training
Hello, Guys! Many will agree that the topic of this article causes fear. Times in English - this combination of words can scare even an experienced student learning English, not to mention newcomers. But without them nowhere. But we are here to help you figure out. So let's not hide!
Just about English times
- It is worth understanding that there are 3 whales in English, which holds all the grammar - " to be», « to Have"And" to do.».
- Each of these whales can swim in three times: PRESENT., Past. and Future (Present and Future).
- In turn, Present, Past and Future will be shifted in the sea Simple, Continuous., Perfect. and Perfect Continuous..
- In the meantime, whales (or kitihs) swim in these seas, they appear kids, or rather, new forms are formed. So it turns out twelve times. Three whales (times) multiply into four seas (forms of times), and we get twelve.
With this approach to remember everything is easier. After all, think that in English, twelve mythical times instead of our familiar three - erroneously. There are only three times, and everything else is the forms of their expression and clarification.
Did not confuse? Let's wonder in more detail.
How to learn all times in English
You just need to decompose everything around the shelves and systematize your studies until it comes to you before automatism. You will know how much I have studied, and how much is still to be, then the study of times will not seem something unlimited and infinite.
Spread three main verbs in three times.
- Present Simple. Used to express usual, regularly repeated action.
- Past Simple. Used to express the action that occurred in the past.
- Future Simple. Used to express actions that will occur in the future.
- Present Continuous. Used to express the action currently occurring.
- Past Continuous. Used to express the action that happened at a certain point in time in the past.
- Future Continuous. Used to express the action that will occur at a certain point in time in the future.
- Present Perfect. Used to express perfect (or more accomplished) actions whose result is associated with this.
- Past Perfect. Used to express actions that ended earlier than another action or a certain point in the past.
- Future Perfect. Used to express actions that will end to a certain point in the future.
Important! There is still the time of Future in The Past, about which we told in the relevant article.
- Present Perfect Continuous. Used to express the action, which started in the past and ongoing currently, or the duration of action is important.
- Past Perfect Continuous. Used to express the action, which began at a certain point in the past and lasted for a while before another action.
- Future Perfect Continuous. Used to express action, which, starting at a certain point, will still continue at some point in the future.
How not to be afraid of times in English?
Here you have some tips. You are accustomed to lists of three-five items, but all the advice here do not fit. Over times you have to work well, therefore the rules for studying them are quite a lot.
- Be prepared for what you should feel good difference between times, from the point of view of logic. Times in English and in Russian are not 100% similar, so it's not always to spend the parallel.
- After acquaintance with each new time, it is necessary to practice well, by completing various grammatical exercises to remember the design and, of course, the situation where we use time.
- For the past time it is important to learn wrong verbs. For this now there are special songs that consist of all the wrong verbs. Try. This is very effective method Studying irregular verbs. Especially for music lovers.
- Learn English times systematically, not trying to learn everything in one day. As soon as you begin to navigate in one time, you can proceed to the next. Then be sure to practice the exercises-mix, where tasks will be collected in order to check if you are not confused in these times.
- Twelve times do not exist separately from each other. You can, of course, try to stretch them for twelve months. It sounds logical. But this is a holistic system, and you need to learn how to understand times, and not just to get them off. Only it is possible to master them at the desired level.
- It is desirable to practice English every day for 15 minutes. In this case, the new luggage of knowledge is deposited in your memory for a long time and you will use it on the machine.
- If you study English times yourself, look for useful videos on the Internet. On our site you will find many useful grammatical video lessons. It is much more interesting and harder than to look for rules anywhere on the Internet.
- Do not overgrow yourself! It is important to give yourself a rest. If you turn the English into a daily booth, you will not go for use, but only hesitates the desire to teach him.
- When studying times in English, pay attention to what your memory is visual or auditory. Based on this, you can understand what tasks is better to give preference to be the most effective result.
- Do not care to learn all times in English immediately. To begin with, examine 5-6 main times. It will be enough to communicate in English competently
As a result, it is important to be able to use these times in a conversation. It is quite difficult to do it yourself. Suppose you can find the rules, exercises and answers to them yourself, but you can understand how you use English times in speech - the task is not at all easy.
How much time needs to learn times
So. Here you are standing at the beginning of the way, we fought you the amount of work, and the question pops up in your head. How much time do you need to master all the times?
Of course, depends on your abilities to languages, the method of learning and the time you are willing to give it. The possession of the SIMPLE group is the Elementary skill. That is, three basic times can be trained in approximately three months as the language from scratch lears.
Confident possession of other times, including the most difficult, it is already an intermediate skill. For example, Past Perfect Continous or Future Perfect You will not need at first, and without them you can do. But by the end of the first second year intensive learning can already be mastered.
Conclusion
With English times, there are usually 3 options for developing events:
- The crucible decides that the times in English he is not needed, because he wants only to pull the speaking speech.
- The student finds a popular grammar tutorial and slowly studies every time on its own.
- The student appeals to the teacher and trust him on his way to possession of times in full.
And what you choose?
Of course, the second and third! It is impossible to communicate in the language as a carrier, not knowing times. Definitely, if you want to know English, times are very important. So what side to get to them?
In the online school, EnglishDom has many experienced teachers who have already proven many students that studying times is not a disaster.
Many students come to a free introductory lesson with a request "not only grammar", and after several classes with a teacher, with great pleasure perform grammatical tests and other interactive tasks. So do not be afraid! YOU CAN DO IT!
Englishdom # inspired
"... only learning in possible perfection ... native language, we will be able to learn in the possible perfection and a foreign language, but not before ..." (F. M. Dostoevsky)
We subscribe to every word, Fyodor Mikhailovich. If the basic knowledge of the native language as a system, logical and clear, then we will easily assimilate the laws of someone else's language. For such a complex category as "time" and part of the "verb" speech, it is relevant doubly. For reference: on Filfak 1, the semester is dedicated to the verb and 1 - all other parts of speech - it is one more difficult to get together! So, we will deal with the times of the English verb once and for all.
Why are we just confused? The times of English verb
When I read articles / benefits about English verbs, sometimes it is even funny from phrases like this: "In English 12 times, and in Russian only 3. That's why we are difficult for us."
Truth: We have 3 times and it's difficult for us.
False: In English 12 times (they are 3, like us).
Additionally: Believe me, our verbs also have many of their "problems." If we figure it out with them, I will understand English faster. Now this is exactly what we will do: we analyze the Russian system of times, and then "put it" to the English times of verbs.
By the way, I did not make a reservation. In English 3 Time:
- PAST (past)
- Present (present),
- Future.
But each of them has 4 forms:
- Simple
- Continuous,
- Perfect
- Perfect Continuous.
Thanks to such a detailed system, the times in English describe in detail the situation and even without the context of the verbs give more information than Russians.
Learn native verbs a little better
Regarding Russian verbs we will dwell only on two signs: time and view. Understanding these categories "will give us strength" to comprehend the system of English times.
1. The verb time expresses the time ratio and the moment of speech.
Everything is simple: if the action proceeded until the moment of speech - it is in the past, if it goes after - it is in the future, if during - in the present.
2. The species characterizes the action as complete or unfinished.
If the action is completed and cannot continue (its limit is reached), then the verb is perfect and answers the question "What to do?".
Example: freeze, sleep, run, dear, etc.
If the action is extended, the "end and edge is not visible to it", then the verb is imperfect and answers the question "what to do?".
Example: freeze, sleep, run, get excavated, etc.
The view is the permanent sign of the verb, the verb does not "change according to the type", and always either perfect or imperfect.
The verbs of the imperfect species have all three forms of time.
Example: I was looking for - I am looking for - I will search (the composite form of the future time)
The verbs of the perfect species have forms of the past and future time.
Example: I found it - I will find.
Pay attention to this: if the action is completed (all, its limit is achieved), then in Russian it cannot be in the present time.
3. Not always real time and the grammatical form of verb coincide:
Example: He yesterdaycomes To me I.he speaks: "Finally on the street Sun!"
The action occurs yesterday (that is, in the past with respect to the moment of speech), but we express it for the forms of the present time.
Another example: "The train goes away in three hours"
We are talking about the future, but we use the form of the present time.
Pay attention to this, because in English there are similar "non-stalks" too (and you do not need to be afraid).
4. We can talk about absolute and relative times.
For example, verbs "Gone" and "asleep"- Both past time (absolute). But if we get them in the offer "Once I left, he fell asleep", the action "Gone"will be in the past relative to action "asleep". It turns out that the relative time is the one that we see only from the context. Remember this moment.
Relative time can be expressed not only by pressing proposals, as in the example above, but also with the help of communities, verbalia.
An example with a perfect type designer:Cooking cake, sheremoved his refrigerator. (first prepared, and then removed, here one action goes after another)
Example with the verbality of the imperfect type:Preparing cake, shereaded The book (actions are simultaneous, parallel).
Example with communion:Clever Apartment Mamaleigh Relax (I first removed, and then lay down).
Main differences: how to quickly learn English verbs times
Now we are ready to go to the times of English verbs. As I said above, their times give more comprehensive information about the action even without context (it is laid grammatically). Name 5 more important differences in the forms of verbs in English, found by me when writing this article.
1. Any other attitude to the concept of "moment of speech".
Example: Russian man says "I live in Russia". At that moment, when I say about this - I live. Everything, the present time (we have one thing).
In English "I live in London"maybe "always, constantly" or "at the moment, limited, and then something can change." This conditions depends on the selection of time (Present Simple or Present Continuous).
2. From here, another significant difference implies - the importance of the "time cut", which takes place.
This perfectly shows the example described above, and all the times of the "family" of Continuous. I will give another one:
Compare: "Iwas in Moscowin last year "and" Iwas in Moscowfortotal summer "
For the Russian verb, there is no difference: past time, imperfect.
However, in English, we will transfer the first option to Past Simple, and the second is in Past Continuous, since the time segment is specified.
I Was In Moscow Last Year. - I Was Living In Moscow All Summer.
It turns out that the segment of the time implies the use of the CONTINUUS form.
3. Also the value is "moment of time" to which the action takes place.
Example: Russian man can say "Ii order soup" (verb of the future time, perfect species).
In English, such an offer will be built in Future Simple: I Will Order A Bowl of Soup (Spontaneous decision taken at the time of speech).
To make the verb perfect (perfect species, if you draw an analogy with the Russian), you need to specify at a particular point in time to which the action will be completed:
I Will Have Called Him Backby Six O'Slock.. - I'll call him backcloser to six o'clock (The action will be completed to a specific point, we use Future Perfect)
It turns out, the indication at the time of time involves using the Perfect form.
By the way, under the segment and moment of time it is understood not only the direct value "from 17:00 - to 18:00" or "to two o'clock in the morning", but also time relative to another action / event / state (I did while you did).
He Will Have Bought a New Car Before His Wife Comes Back From A Trip To London. "He will buy a car before the wife returns from a trip to London (it will take action until a certain point, we use Future Perfect).
4. In English, as in Russian, there is the concept of "completion of action" (Perfect). BUT!
There is difference, as a result of which the English-speaking performs perfect presentation: the result of the perfect action is in the past or in the present? If in the present, then we use Present Perfect.
I Have Broken The Cup - as a result of fragments;
Our Son Has Learnt How To Read - as a result, he can read.
By the way, speaking of Present Perfect, we will return to the "moment and the segment of time." If the action has completed to date (Just, Already) or in a period of time, which has not yet ended (Today, This Week / Monh / Year), the time is considered real.
5. In English there are perfect continued verbs (in Russian or perfect, or imperfect).
She Had Been Working All Night Long - Translation "She worked all night" will be logical, but the most accurate sense of sentence "She is aboutworked All night I.finished working In the morning, "that is, the action proceeded into the segment of time and ended to its end.
It turns out indication and on the segment, and at the time of time it involves using the PERFECT CONTINUUS form.
English verbs with examples
The theory sorted out - go to practice. Talk about each specific time. Immediately make a reservation that I will not sign all cases of use of times - this information can be found in different sources. I just describe the main cases of use of times in English (with examples) and explain their logic.
What happens in the present
Present Simple. Used when we are talking about regular, constant, typical action, which is not tied to the moment of speech.
Example: She Speaks 2 Foreign Languages \u200b\u200b- She speaks two foreign languages (That is, he knows how to talk to them, this is its constant characteristic).
Present Continuous. Used when we want to show that the action is performed right now (now). Tied to the moment of speech.
Example: The Doctor IS Performing An Operation Now - the doctor is now conducting an operation (he does it right now, at the time of the speech of one who reports).
Present Perfect. It is used when the action is completed (there is a result), but the time did not end.
Example: HE HAS CALLED ME TODAY. - He called me today. (The action has already completed, and "today" has not yet ended).
Present Perfect Coninuous. It is used when the action began in the past and is still ongoing in the present (we emphasize its idiot times).
Example: She Has Been Watching TV All Day. - She is watching TV all day (from the morning and still, imagine? Bene the day!).
What happened in the past
Past Simple. It is used to express the action that occurred at a certain time in the past, while the period of time has already ended.
Example: I Saw Him Yesterday. - I saw him yesterday (this day was already over).
Past Continuous. Indicates the process that lasted at a certain point or the period in the past.
Example: I Was Reading a Book At Midnight - I read the book at midnight (this process was in the past and lasted in some time cut).
Past Perfect. We remember Russian relative time. Do you remember my mother who went to bed after cleaning? She was removed at home in Past Perfect. This "preliminated" time.
Example: I HAD Studied English Before I Moved to Moscow - I learned English before I moved to Moscow (first taught the tongue, and then moved).
Past Perfect Continuous. Indicates the action that began in the past, continued for a certain "period of time" and ended to its end (or not ended).
Example: She Had Been Cooking Dinner for An Hour Before I Came - She prepared a dinner for a whole hour before my arrival (the action lasted in some time segment, and then ended at a certain point).
What will happen in the future
Future Simple. It is used to designate any fact, solutions or intentions in the future adopted at the time of speech.
We Will Take a Taxi. - We will take a taxi (show your intention in the future, accepted now).
Future Continuous. Indicates the process that starts until a certain point in the future and will still continue at this point.
I Will Be Studying at University in A Year. - I will learn from the university in a year (it does not indicate in the offer, when an event becomes or ended, we are talking about this particular time that lasts now, but a year).
Future Perfect. It is used to express the future action, which will be performed until a certain point in the future.
He Will Have Gone by Thatn. - It will leave by that time (the action will end to the moment designated in context).
Future Perfect Continuous. It shows the action that will begin previously another future action, will have a result by this time, but will continue after it.
WE WILL HAVE BEEN LIVING TOGETHER FOR 12 YEARS NEXT YEAR - Next year we will live together for 12 years (marked the moment - the next year, the duration is shown - for the whole 12 years! But the action and does not think to end).
But this form is extremely rare and replaced either on Future Continuous or on Future Perfect.
We are looking for logic in everything: times in English "for dummies"
By the way, if the logic of the main value of one time or another will be understood, then additional cases of use will be perfect for it.
1. For example: Using Present Continuous, when we want to show discontent, irritation.
He is Always coming Late! - He is late all the time.
We are talking about habit! Why not use Present Simple? Because we indicate the duration, the incessance of this action. "Well, how much it can continue" - indignant Present Continuous in this case.
2. Another example: Using Present Simple in buses, trains, cinema sessions, etc.
The Train Leaves AT 8 A.M - the train leaves at 8 am.
Why for action to take place in the future is used? Because it is periodically repetitive actions. More detailed comparison of Simple and Continuous.
So, in almost every case, you can find a clearly visual explanation. If still it does not work, well, you will have to remember. Still, another language is another thinking 🙂
Even better will help to figure out our video on YouTube
It is one of the most difficult issues in training. Any learning English, naturally, is trying to master his grammar, relying on the knowledge of the grammar of his tongue. And often difficulties are caused by the grammatical structures, which are no analogues in Russian. For example, a Russian-speaking student is difficult to understand why there are more than a dozen different times in English, although we in Russian are perfectly bypassed in three.
It is in such cases that the grammar of the English language comes to the aid of the tables where it can be clearly traced common features and the differences of different grammatical forms. Teachers note that English grammar in tables and schemes is much easier to postpone in memory and subsequently turns out to be easier to use in practice.
So, let's make a table for nine basic times of English. Before proceeding directly to the table, you need to know several basic rules operating at any English time.
- In any time of the English language there auxiliary in addition to basic verb (faith).
- In the negative sentence of any time, the notot particle is added to auxiliary verb And put in front of the main verb is the fault.
- In any matter of any time of the English language is necessarily used auxiliarywhich is placed in front of the subject.
There are three main groups of English times:
- Simple (or indefinite) - simple,
- Continuous (or Progressive) - Long,
- Perfect - Completed.
Each of these groups has its own
Present - Present
Past - PAST and
Future - Future.
Thus, our table will get nine times of English - three times in three groups. Consider for the beginning of the three time of the Simple group, then Continuous and, finally, Perfect. In the process of studying tables, pay attention to the overall features of each group of times, as well as on the form of the main verb in the times of each group.
English grammar in tables
Group |
Simple |
|||
Time |
PRESENT. |
Past. |
Future |
|
How to form |
1 the formverb . (I, You, We, They) |
1 the formverb.+ s (ES) (He, She, IT) |
2 form of verb. |
wILL + 1 form of verb. |
Amend. verb |
do. |
do. es |
dID |
wILL |
Affirmative form |
They walk. IN THE PARKEVERY DAY. They walk in the park every day. |
He. walk. s. IN THE PARKEVERY DAY. He walks in the park every day. |
They walk. eD In The Park Yesterday. They walked in the park yesterday. |
They wILL walk. In The Park Tomorrow. They will walk in the park tomorrow. |
negative form |
They do. not. walk. IN THE PARKEVERY DAY |
He. do. es not. walk. _ IN THE PARKEVERY DAY. |
They dID not. walk_ In The Park Yesterday. |
They wILL not. walk. In The Park Tomorrow. |
General question |
Do. They walk. IN THE PARKEVERY DAY? |
Do Es. he. walk. _ IN THE PARKEVERY DAY? |
DID They walk_ IN THE PARK YESTERDAY? |
WILL They walk. IN THE PARK TOMORROW? |
Special question |
Where do. They walk.every Day? |
Where do. es He. walk. _ Every Day? |
Where dID They walk. _ Yesterday? |
Where wILL They walk.tomorrow? |
Description |
Indicates the actions that occur regularly, usually not tied to the moment of speech. Words-Tips - Every (Day, Year, Week), usually, Always, Often, etc. |
Indicates the action that happened once in the past and the time for its commission has already passed. Words - Tips - yesterday, Last (Week, Year, Month ...), Ago etc. |
Indicates the action that will occur in an indefinite or distant future. Words - Tips - tomorrow, Next (Year, Month…) etc. |
Group |
Continuous. |
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Time |
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How to form |
aM, IS, Are +verb . ing. |
wAS, WERE + GLOG.ing. |
wILL + be + verb. Ing. |
Amend. verb |
aM, IS, Are |
was, Were. |
wILL |
Affirmative form |
They are walk. ing. IN THE PARK NOW. They walk in the park now. |
They wERE walk. ing. In The Park When He Saw Them Yesterday. They walked in the park when he saw them yesterday. |
They wILL bE. walk. ing. In The Park at this Time Tomorrow. They will walk in the park at this time tomorrow. |
negative form |
They are not. walk. ing. IN THE PARK NOW. |
They wERE not. walk. ing. In The Park When He Saw Them Yesterday. |
They wILL not. bE. walk. ing. In The Park at this Time Tomorrow. |
General question |
Are They walk. ing. IN THE PARK NOW? |
WERE they walk. ing. IN THE PARK WHEN HE SAW THEM YESTERDAY? |
WILL They bE. walk. ing. In The Park At this Time Tomorrow? |
Special question |
Where are They walk. ing. now? |
Where wERE They walk. ing. WHEN HE SAW THEM YESTERDAY? |
Where wILL They bE. walk. ing. AT This Time Tomorrow? |
Description |
Indicates the actions that occur at the time of speech. Words-Tips - Now, at the Moment, Look! LISTEN! etc. |
Indicates the action that occurred at a certain point in the past. Or action against which there was another action that before Must be expressed Past Simple. |
Indicates the action that occurs at a certain point or the period in the future. Tips words - can be combinations of words of real time and a certain moment - aT This Time. tomorrow, AT Six O'Clock Next Fridayetc. |
Group |
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Time |
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How to form |
have + 3 the formverb . (I, You, We, They) |
hA S. + 3 the formverb . (He, She, IT) |
hAD. + 3 form of verb. |
wILL + have + 3 form of verb. |
Amend. verb |
have |
hA s. |
hAD. |
wILL |
Affirmative form |
They have Already Walk. eD In The Park. They have already walked in the park. |
He. hA S. already Walk. eD In The Park. He was already walked in the park. |
They hAD. Already Walk. eD IN THE PARK BEFORE HE CAME. They have already walked in the park before he came. |
They wILL have already Walk. eD In The Park By 2 p.m. Tomorrow. They are already walking in the park until two days tomorrow. |
negative form |
They have not. walk. eD In The Park Yet. |
He. hA s. not. walk. eD In The Park Yet. |
They hAD. not. walk. eD In The Park Yet Before He Came. |
They wILL not. have Walk. eD In The Park By 2 p.m. Tomorrow. |
General question |
Have they walk. eD IN THE PARK YET? |
HA S. he. walk. eD IN THE PARK YET? |
HAD. they walk. eD IN THE PARK BEFORE HE CAME? |
WILL They have Walk. eD In The Park By 2 p.m. Tomorrow? |
Special question |
Where have They walk. eD ? |
Where hA S. He. walk. eD ? |
Where hAD. They walk. eD BEFORE HE CAME? |
Where wILL They have Walk. eD BY 2 P.M. Tomorrow? |
Description |
Indicates the action that ended and is associated with the present through the result. The place and time of perfect action does not matter. Words - Tips - eVER, NEVER, JUST, ALREADY, YET; since |
Indicates the action that ended to some moment or other action in the past. Words - Tips - bEFORE, BY (THE TIME) etc |
Indicates the action that will be completed to some point in the future or to some other action in the future. |
Thus, from these tables, it can be understood that each group has a general feature of both the value and the form of the inbox in it.
- SIMPLE group times are uncertain Actionsnot related to any moment.
- CONTINUUS Group Times is long actions, process. In the form of all the times of this group, the verb be used in the present, past or future, and the ending -ing from the main verb.
- PERFECT group times are completed Actionsimplying the result. All times of this group are used by the HAVE verb in the present, past or future, and the third shape of the semantic verb.
Also note that the auxiliary verb Will is common in all groups in the form of a future time.
Present Perfect Continuous, Past Perfect Continuous, Future in the Past Continuous
Long-term times are not something easy, however, and in their structure can be performed, if you understand how they are formed and what functionality is performed.
We present to your attention a detailed table, which thoroughly reveals the essence of these difficult grammatical phenomena. This is a kind of "memo for dummies", whenever you urgently need to recall this grammatical rule.
Group |
Continuous. |
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Time |
Present Perfect Continuous. |
Past Perfect Continuous. |
Future in the Past |
How to form |
to form have, Has + Been The verb is assigned to " ing." at the end |
modal verb hAD + Been. in combination with the verb " ing." at the end |
the form would + B. With the verb with " ing." at the end |
Amend. verb |
to be in Present Perfect ( have, Has + Been) |
to be in Past Perfect ( hAD + Been.) |
would + B. |
Affirmative form |
EVA. has Been. stand Ing. On this place for 2 days. Translation of the proposal: Eva stood here for two days. |
Peter. had Been Wait Ing For this airship for 2 days When it was Announced About Delay. Translation: Peter expected this airship for 2 days, when they announced his delay. |
She Said they would be work ing THE WHOLE NIGHT. This is translated as follows: She said they would work all night. |
negative form |
EVA. hAS NOT BEEN STAND ING On this place for 2 days. |
Peter. hAD NOT BEEN WAITING For this airship ... |
She Said they wouldN't Be Work Ing THE WHOLE NIGHT. |
General question |
Has. EVA. been Stand Ing. ON THIS PLACE 2 DAYS? |
HAD. He. been Wait Ing. For this airship for 2 days, when you are Announced About Delay? |
DID SHE SAY, THEY would be work ing THE WHOLE NIGHT? |
Special question |
Where has. EVA. been Stand Ing. 2 days? |
Howlong. hAD. He. been Wait Ing. For this airship, WHEN IT WAS ANNOUNCED ABOUT DELAY? |
What Did She Say, They Really would be work ing THE WHOLE NIGHT? |
Description |
Used to designate the process. Indicates an action that the beginning of which refers to the past. It continued also in the past. The end of the process occurred either immediately before the conversation or at the time of the conversation. |
The presence of this time in the proposal suggests that the action on which Past Perfect Continuous indicates and continued in the past. His ending could also take place in front of some event in the past, or it did not take place in front of a certain moment in the past. |
It is used when it comes to some continuing in the future. Reception is discussed in the past. Words in this case are All Day, from..till, During. A feature of the proposals with Future In The Past is their structure: in the first part, a simple time is used, and in the second - a long-lasting future. |
Tables of English times help to easily understand the logic of building various grammatical English structures and is a good help in performing exercises.
Apply the knowledge gained in practice and continue learning you can on our website. Here you will find all the basic rules, practice to apply them in unique exercises, get a real pleasure from professionally voiced texts of various levels and be able to choose a learning material that is suitable for you.
English grammar exercises
After you studied the table english grammarTry doing exercises for consolidating knowledge.
Add offer missing word
Insert suitable words
Place the words in the right order
Summer Go Every We usually Camping usually ... Summer Go Every We Usuallyevery Camping USUALYEVERY CAMPING USUALYEVERY CAMPING USUALLY ... SUMMER GO EVERY GO EVERY WE USUALYEVERY CAMPING USUALLY Summer Go Every We Usuallyevery Camping Usually.
Uncle To Year Spain Last Went My ... Uncle To Year Spain Last Went My ... Uncle To Year Spain Last Went My ... Uncle To Year Spain Last Went My ... Uncle To Year Spain Last Went My ... Uncle To Year Spain Last Went My ... Uncle To Year Spain Last Went My.
2015-12-17
Hello, my favorite readers.
Today we have a very important topic. Unlike foreigners who will never be able to understand the value of the phrase "yes no, probably," for us (even the most novice teapots!) To understand their 12 - I ask you to notice, - sometimes nothing costs. It's true?
And if you have ever had a problem with them - today we will decide them. Day: Times in English. We will understand when, where that is used, as well as in time indicators.
Note, for each time I attached colored scheme with formulas and examples for clarity, after which you can switch on the link to secure time with exercises and online tests. Also, all the names of the times (reddish red) are clicable - to go to separate page with more detailed rule, explanations and examples. Let's start in order.
Times real
I Was Cooking When The Phone Rang.
The second most popular time of many schoolchildren (first, of course, Present Simple) is. And the reason is simple: it is used if the event was committed to another event in the past (see more details).
See:
WHEN SHE CALLED I HAD ALREADY PACKED MY SUITCASE.
I WAS READY TO GO WHEN HE CALLED AND TOLD ME THAT HE HAD FORGOTTEN THE KEYS.
No less amazing time denotes an event that has the beginning at some particular moment of the past, and ended to some moment in the past - or still lasts in the past.
I HAD Been Doing This Report for 3 Hours When I Found It in the Internet.
Times times
Commands what will happen in the future. Here, in what cases it can be used:
- Simple future event;
I Will Call You Tomorrow. - Regular actions;
I Will Come Here Every Year. - Sequence description;
I Will Come Home, My Mother Will Give US Some Food and We Will Hit The Road.
Describes events at a specific future.
AT 5 p.m. We Will Be Conducting a Meeting Session. I EXPECT YOU TO BE THERE.
C Everything is similar to it to its collections in other times: the action that starts in the future is described and will end.
I Will Have Sport a Lot of Time for Preparation Before Taking Part in This Competition.
Many learning English believe that you need to immediately master all the times to put the long-awaited tick in the long list of planned English cases. But I will tell you how an experienced teacher - To begin with, you need to master 3-5 running times. When you know them on the teeth and be able to use, then you can move on. Otherwise, you will obey at this stage and throw the English, not having to taste all his charm!
By the way, many of their friends (who want to remember or simply explore the basics of English grammar) I recommend going through the online course from Lingvaleo « Grammar for beginners» . There definitely do not have to miss. In addition, information is most practical. Except 5 times, which are invited to master in this course, everyone will find there and others Basic concepts of grammarwhich will simply be impossible to forget after a heap interesting practical tasks.
How easy to remember all these times? This will help you table with examples. All the most necessary in one place. Conveniently, however?
I hope my expensive, that now you will have much less questions about the times of verbs. But if you still have unresolved questions - do not hesitate, write them under the article. I am pleased to answer them.
You are the first to get a selection where the best exercises will be collected on this topic - then subscribe to delicious The newsletter of my blog.
And today I say goodbye.
Before new meetings, my good.
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