Changes in the exam in chemistry. How does the Unified State Exam work? Changes and their meaning

Chemistry exams are one of the most complex processes, which actually requires more time and good preparation. Here you can’t do without qualified help. And only qualified teachers can help you with this. Basically, chemistry is one of the most important school subjects and is already studied from the seventh grade. All this knowledge acquired in an educational institution turns out to be insufficient to pass exams and receive the maximum number of points.

Chemistry exams will be needed in the future for admission to higher education. educational establishments in the field of medicine, physics and mathematics, and other natural sciences, ecology, and so on.

Changes in the Unified State Examination in 2018

Some changes will affect the most important items. For example, the written version will be canceled for the Russian language and literature. But all this will be accomplished only in 2018. Thanks to this, scientists hope that very soon all schoolchildren will actually learn to think and convey all their thoughts. As for chemistry, no changes are planned.

But still, do not forget that chemistry exams will be an excellent means for self-test. In addition, they can be divided into some sections like:

1) the theoretical basis of chemistry - this section consists of modern ideas about the structure of the atom;

2) periodic law, also periodic table regarding all chemical elements D.I. Mendeleev, basic ideas about the relationship of chemical elements and the structure of certain substances, including chemical reactions;

3) “inorganic chemistry” is another section consisting of scientific ideas about the basic properties of metal, hydrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, halogens, oxygen, silicon, acids, bases, oxides, salts;

4) “organic chemistry” is a section that reveals the basic properties of several important hydrocarbons at once: aromatic hydrocarbons, alkanes, alkynes, dienes, cycloalkanes, alkenes, and so on;

5) saturated monohydric and polyhydric alcohols, phenol;

6) aldehydes, saturated carboxylic acids, esters;

8) knowledge about everyone biologically important substances such as: fats, proteins and carbohydrates;

9) basic methods of knowledge of chemistry, as well as chemistry in life - this section consists of knowledge about the experimental foundations of chemical elements;

10) about production methods of obtaining important elements, which are usually presented in the form of calculations according to specific chemical formulas using equations about reactions between reagents.

How to prepare for exams

Thanks to the diligence of teachers, you can achieve a lot in this life, especially pass almost any exam in chemistry. After all, it is qualified assistance that can solve all the main problems of graduates. Thanks to this, you will definitely acquire absolutely any necessary knowledge. But this will require a lot of time, which will have to be correctly placed in its place when performing any exam papers.

In any case, you can take advantage of online testing. Thanks to such opportunities, every graduate will have a chance to pass any exam with flying colors. In addition, he will easily understand the entire basis of chemistry. A high school student will actually begin to understand and even distinguish all chemical elements. He will also be able to solve any equation that he could not understand during the educational process. And finally, they will remember all the basic properties of some metals from the first, second, third subgroup.

Online courses will solve all the main problems

If you have problems misunderstanding such a complex subject as chemistry, then you can additionally study using Internet resources. All answers here fully comply with the necessary requirements of the examination paper. They were developed in accordance with the law Russian Federation. Plus, it can be used by anyone, regardless of their primary location. Moreover, it will be an excellent gift for applicants who would like to remember almost all forgotten topics.

One of the elective subjects indicated by the graduate high school in the application, is the Unified State Examination in Chemistry 2018. Test measuring materials in chemistry are prepared in accordance with the Federal Standard of Complete Secondary Education. They are completely aimed at the school level. The difficulty is that in secondary schools only one hour a week is allocated for studying chemistry. Therefore, in order to successfully pass the Unified State Exam in Chemistry, you must prepare persistently and purposefully.

Who chooses chemistry for the Unified State Exam?

The Unified State Exam in Chemistry is chosen by 11th grade students who plan to further connect their lives with studying at higher educational institutions in this direction preparation.

• As a rule, these are graduates seeking to enter technical universities that offer chemical specialties as a training profile.
• These could also be guys who want to enroll in medical universities, where good knowledge of chemistry is required.

Basic documents of the Unified State Exam

If we talk about the content of the exam test in chemistry, then here you need to get acquainted with three main documents:

1)Codifier, consisting of two parts.

• The first part of the document presents those elements of content that all tasks included in the option are aimed at checking for completeness.
• The second part of the codifier is called “List of requirements for the level of training of graduates.” Here is a list of skills that an 11th grade student must master in order to complete the assignments.

2) Specification. This is a document that regulates the structure of the Unified State Exam. current year. It presents topics that may appear on the exam.

3) Demo version of the Unified State Exam in chemistry- It is one Unified State Exam option, where you need to start preparing for the state exam in chemistry.
How to prepare? What to read?

There are quite a large number of manuals that are auxiliary materials:

1. The books recommended by the Ministry of Education are chemistry textbooks.
2. Benefits marked “FIPI”.
3. Books by the developers of the Unified State Exam KIMs themselves in chemistry.

How does the Unified State Exam work?

The time to complete the entire exam is 210 minutes (3 hours 30 minutes).
Maximum primary score – 60.

Part 1 presents tasks of basic and advanced difficulty levels.

Part 2 contains high-level tasks.

Structure and typology of tasks of the 1st part of KIM

Part 1 tasks come in two main forms:

1. short-answer tasks that involve establishing correspondence between the positions of two sets;
2. selecting several answer options from the list provided.

For example, in the 1st task basic level a number of chemical elements can be given (5 elements in total). Next, questions are asked that the graduate must read carefully and give the appropriate answer. The fact that there are two cells in the answer field indicates that there should be two such answers. And only when making the right choice All answer options can get the maximum score for this task.

The second example of tasks is tasks on correspondence between two sets (5th task). Thus, formulas of substances can be presented in the left column, and in the right column - the class (group) of substances to which this or that substance belongs. Since there are 3 substances in the left column, the student must establish 3 correspondences.

If we talk about tasks of another type, then we can see tasks that contain textual information to a greater extent, where some kind of mental conduct of a chemical experiment is assumed and the choice of formulas of substances that will allow you to correctly answer the task presented in the task conditions.

Multiple-choice tasks often seem quite simple to students and do not require writing down reaction equations or formulas of substances. Unfortunately, it is not. Only if the graduate actually prescribes a solution for each task and is thoughtful about the given conditions of the task, then in this case there is a chance of arriving at the correct answer.

Features of the tasks of the second part

But the tasks from the second part of the test with a detailed answer suggest a higher level of difficulty. But this does not go beyond the topics presented in the codifier. The complication is due to the fact that if in tasks of a basic level the test is aimed at one element of content, then in tasks of a high level of complexity the mastery of several elements of content or several skills is assumed. For example, you need not only to classify a particular substance into a class or group of substances, but also to remember what properties this group of substances has; sometimes you have to remember the specific properties of the substances discussed in the task.

Five tasks with detailed answers are aimed at the main, most important sections of the chemistry course. The whole option can be divided into certain content blocks, many of which are enlarged topics of the school chemistry course. For example, “Structure of the atom”, “ Periodic laws. Periodic table of chemical elements”, “Inorganic substances”, “Organic substances”, “Methods of knowledge in chemistry”, “Chemistry in life”, “Calculations using chemical formulas, reaction equations”.

What can you use during the exam?

The graduate must bring two items to the chemistry exam:

1. non-programmable calculator;
2. black gel pen.

The exam will give you:

• periodic system of chemical elements by D. I. Mendeleev;
• table of solubility of acids, salts and bases;
• electrochemical voltage series of metals (metal activity series).

The Ministry of Education does not intend to make any changes to the Unified State Exam KIM in chemistry in the 2017–2018 academic year.

The date for the Unified State Examination in chemistry will be known in January 2018.

ABOUT Unified State Exam results in chemistry in 2018 can be found at your school or on the official website of the Unified State Exam.

For more information about the features of the Unified State Exam in chemistry, watch the video:

Specification
control measuring materials
for holding the unified state exam in 2018
in chemistry

1. Purpose of KIM Unified State Exam

The Unified State Exam (hereinafter referred to as the Unified State Exam) is a form of objective assessment of the quality of training of persons who have mastered educational programs of secondary general education, using tasks of a standardized form (control measurement materials).

The Unified State Examination is conducted in accordance with Federal law dated December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ “On education in the Russian Federation.”

Control measuring materials make it possible to establish the level of mastery by graduates of the Federal component of the state standard of secondary (complete) general education in chemistry, basic and specialized levels.

The results of the unified state exam in chemistry are recognized by educational organizations of secondary vocational education and educational organizations of higher professional education as the results of entrance tests in chemistry.

2. Documents defining the content of the Unified State Exam KIM

3. Approaches to selecting content and developing the structure of the Unified State Exam KIM

The basis of the approaches to the development of the KIM Unified State Exam 2018 in chemistry were those general methodological guidelines, which were determined during the formation of examination models of previous years. The essence of these settings is as follows.

• KIMs are focused on testing the assimilation of a knowledge system, which is considered as an invariant core of the content of existing chemistry programs for general education organizations. In the standard, this knowledge system is presented in the form of requirements for the training of graduates. These requirements correspond to the level of presentation of the tested content elements in the CMM.
• In order to ensure the possibility of differentiated assessment of the educational achievements of KIM Unified State Examination graduates, the mastery of basic educational programs in chemistry is checked at three levels of complexity: basic, advanced and high. Educational material, on the basis of which the assignments are based, is selected on the basis of its significance for the general education training of high school graduates.
• Completing the tasks of the examination work involves the implementation of a certain set of actions. Among them, the most indicative are, for example, such as: identifying classification characteristics of substances and reactions; determine the degree of oxidation of chemical elements using the formulas of their compounds; explain the essence of a particular process, the relationship between the composition, structure and properties of substances. The ability of the examinee to carry out various actions when performing work is considered as an indicator of assimilation of the studied material with the necessary depth of understanding.
• The equivalence of all versions of the examination work is ensured by maintaining the same ratio of the number of tasks that test the mastery of the basic elements of the content of key sections of the chemistry course.

4. Structure of KIM Unified State Exam

Each version of the examination paper is built according to a single plan: the paper consists of two parts, including 40 tasks. Part 1 contains 35 tasks with a short answer, including 26 tasks of a basic level of complexity (the serial numbers of these tasks: 1, 2, 3, 4, ... 26) and 9 tasks of an increased level of complexity (the serial numbers of these tasks: 27, 28, 29, …35).

Part 2 contains 5 tasks of a high level of complexity, with a detailed answer (the serial numbers of these tasks: 36, 37, 38, 39, 40).

The introduction of the Unified State Exam in Russia made it possible for graduates to apply to 5 educational institutions simultaneously, and for three specialties. In total, there are 15 applications for admission to educational institutions. But the State Exam itself is not only a test, but also stress for children and parents. Changes made annually to the structure of the Unified State Exam cause uncertainty and reduce results. How to pass the Unified State Exam? A question that worries parents and 11th grade students.

At first glance, the changes made to the Unified State Examination look significant. But this is only at first glance.

In 2017, the testing and measuring materials of the Unified State Exam in chemistry changed to a greater extent. Firstly, there are fewer than 34 of them (there were 40). The tasks are distributed by topic, not by difficulty level. Questions with one answer have been excluded, but they have not changed in difficulty. The maximum number of primary points decreased by 4 (60-64).

Changes in the Unified State Exam KIMs for 2017

In 2018, even if there are changes in CIMs in chemistry, they will not be significant. All information is provided on the FIPI website necessary materials. The demo version of KIM 2017 will make it easier to prepare for the exam. The website provides options for exam questions for several years. If you doubt your knowledge, try several options. The theoretical part of the exam can be found in the codifier topics on the FIPI website. During the exam, students are provided with tables for use:

• periodic table of elements;
• metal activity series;
• electrochemical voltage series.

The tables will greatly help in completing assignments. Some tasks can be completed entirely using tables (for example, questions No. 1, No. 2, No. 3), but for this you need to be able to use them and find the necessary information.

CMMs consist of two parts of different complexity. The first part includes 29 questions that must be answered in the form of one or more numbers written sequentially. The second part is more complex, includes questions 30 to 34. Tasks 30-32 for writing a reaction equation. 33, 34 – tasks of a high level of complexity. This part requires a detailed answer with the correct solution notation. The formatting of responses is also assessed. Two answer forms are issued for the first and second parts.
Knowledge of theory will also help graduates. The theoretical part includes the following blocks: basic theory, inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, application of chemistry in life.

Block number, section, number of topics:

I Atomic structure 1

• Periodic table of chemical elements. D.I.Mendeleev's law. 4
• Chemical bonds and structure of substances. 3
• Chemical reactions. 10

II Classification, Chemical properties simple substances, chemical properties of oxides, bases, acids, salts. 8

III Theory of structure, classification, types of bonds, chemical properties of various organic compounds. Properties of fats, proteins, carbohydrates. 9

IV Fundamentals of experimental chemistry. 8

• Industrial production of chemicals: methods, principles. 4
• Calculations of substances using formulas and reaction equations. 9

The date for the chemistry exam in 2018 will be known at the beginning of the year. Whether or not to take the Unified State Exam in chemistry is decided by graduates until it is compulsory subject. This exam is required for admission to medical university, to a pedagogical university (in the department of “chemistry and biology”), to an agricultural university (agronomy, veterinary medicine), to obtain the profession of biotechnologist.

The Unified State Examination in Chemistry is a variable component of the federal examination. It is taken only by those schoolchildren who are planning to continue their studies at universities in such specialties as medicine, chemistry and chemical technology, construction, biotechnology or food industry.

This cannot be called easy - you won’t be able to get through it simply by knowing the terms, because last years Tests with a choice of one answer from the proposed options were excluded from the KIMs. In addition, it will not be amiss to learn everything about the procedure, timing and features of this exam, as well as prepare in advance for possible changes in the 2018 KIMs!

Demo version of the Unified State Exam-2018

Unified State Examination dates in chemistry

The exact dates allotted for writing the Unified State Exam in chemistry will be known in January, when the schedule for all examination tests will be posted on the Rosobrnadzor website. Fortunately, today we have information about approximate periods allocated for examination of schoolchildren in the 2017/2018 academic year:

• The early stage of the examination starts on March 22, 2018. It will last until April 15. Writing the Unified State Exam in advance - the prerogative of several categories of students. These include children who graduated from school earlier than the 2017/2018 academic year, but did not take the Unified State Exam for some reason; school graduates who previously received only a certificate and not a matriculation certificate; evening school students; high school students who go to live or study abroad; schoolchildren who received secondary education in other states, but enter. Also, students representing the Russian Federation at international competitions and competitions, and schoolchildren who take part in all-Russian events, use early delivery. If you are indicated for medical intervention or rehabilitation that coincides with the main period passing the Unified State Exam, you can also take the exam ahead of schedule. Important point: any reason must be confirmed by relevant documents;
• On May 28, 2018 the main Unified State Exam dates. According to preliminary plans of Rosobrnadzor, the examination period will end before June 10;
• Starts on September 4, 2018 additional period for passing the Unified State Exam.

Some statistics

Recently, an increasing number of schoolchildren are choosing this exam - in 2017, about 74 thousand people took it (12 thousand more than in 2016). In addition, the success rate has noticeably improved - the number of unsuccessful students (those who did not reach the minimum threshold score) decreased by 1.1%. The average score in this subject ranges from 67.8-56.3 points, which corresponds to the school “B” level. So, in general, despite its complexity, students pass this subject quite well.

Examination procedure

When writing this Unified State Exam, students are allowed to use the periodic system, a table with data on the solubility of salts, acids and bases, as well as reference materials for the electrochemical series of metal voltages. There is no need to take these materials with you - all permitted reference materials will be provided to schoolchildren in one set with the exam card. In addition, an eleventh grader can take a calculator for the exam that does not have a programming function.

We remind you that the procedure for conducting the Unified State Exam strictly regulates any actions of students. Remember that you can easily lose your chance to enter a university if you suddenly want to discuss the solution to a problem with a friend, try to peek the answer in a smartphone or a workbook, or decide to call someone from toilet room. By the way, you can go to the toilet or first aid station, but only with permission and accompanied by a member of the examination committee.

Innovations in the Unified State Examination in Chemistry

FIPI employees report the following changes in the new model CMMs.

1. In 2018 the number will increase difficult tasks with a detailed answer. One new task has been introduced, number 30, concerning redox reactions. Now students have to solve a total of 35 tasks.
2. All work is still eligible for 60 initial points. The balance was achieved by reducing the points awarded for completing simple tasks from the first part of the ticket.

What is included in the structure and content of the ticket?

In the exam, students will have to demonstrate how well they know the topics from the course in inorganic, general and organic chemistry. The tasks will test the depth of your knowledge about chemical elements and substances, skills in conducting chemical reactions, knowledge of the basic laws and theoretical principles of chemistry. In addition, it will become clear how well schoolchildren understand the systematicity and causality of chemical phenomena, and how much they know about the genesis of substances and methods of knowing them.

Structurally, the ticket is represented by 35 tasks, divided into two parts:

• Part 1 – 29 short answer tasks. These assignments are devoted to the theoretical foundations of chemistry, inorganic and organic chemistry, methods of knowledge and the use of chemistry in life. For this part of the KIM you can score 40 points (66.7% of all points for the ticket);
• Part 2 – 6 tasks of a high level of complexity, which provide a detailed answer. You will have to solve problems with non-standard situations. All tasks are devoted to redox reactions, ion exchange reactions, transformations of inorganic and organic substances, or complex calculations. For this part of the KIM you can score 20 points (33.3% of all points for the ticket).

In total, you can earn up to 60 primary points per ticket. You will be allocated 210 minutes to solve it, which you should distribute as follows:

• for basic tasks from the first part - 2-3 minutes;
• for tasks with increased level difficulties from the first part – from 5 to 7 minutes;
• for tasks with high level difficulties from the second part - from 10 to 15 minutes.

How do exam scores translate into grades?

Points for work affect the matriculation certificate, so for several years in a row they have been transferred to the marking system familiar to schoolchildren. First, the scores are divided into certain intervals and then converted into grades:

• 0-35 points are identical to “two”;
• 36-55 points indicate a satisfactory degree of preparation for the Unified State Exam and are equal to a “three”;
• 56-72 points is an opportunity to get a “B” in the certificate;
• 73 points and above is an indicator that the student knows the subject “excellent”.

In order not to fail the Unified State Exam in Chemistry, you will have to score at least 36 points. However, it is worth remembering that to enter a more or less prestigious university you need to score at least 60-65 points. Top educational institutions generally accept only those who score 85-90 points and above.

How to prepare for the Unified State Exam in Chemistry?

It is impossible to pass a federal level exam simply relying on residual knowledge from a school chemistry course. To fill in the gaps, it’s worth sitting down to textbooks and workbooks in early autumn! It is possible that some topic that you studied in the 9th or 10th grade simply did not stick in your memory. In addition, competent preparation includes the development of demonstration tickets - CIMs, specially developed by the FIPI commission.