FROM PETER THE FIRST... The Russian flag owes its birth to the domestic fleet. Flag of one or another The Russian flag owes its birth to the Russian fleet. The flag of a particular country showed that this ship of the country showed that this ship belongs to it, is its own, belongs to it, is its territory. In 1690 white-blue-red territory. In 1690 the white-blue-red flag became a symbol of the Russian state, the flag became a symbol of the Russian state, and above all - at sea. and above all - at sea. This is exactly the flag that Peter I used. This is the flag that Peter I used.
FLAG AS A SYMBOL OF THE RUSSIAN STATE FLAG AS A SYMBOL OF THE RUSSIAN STATE The flag is constantly raised on the buildings of the authorities of our country. The flag is constantly raised on the buildings of the authorities of our country. It flutters on the masts of Russian ships and is painted on aircraft RF and its spacecraft. It flutters on the masts of Russian ships, and is applied to Russian aircraft and spacecraft. The flag indicates belonging to Russia. The flag indicates belonging to Russia. The flag is raised during official ceremonies and flies in military units. The flag is raised during official ceremonies and is flown in military units. On days of national mourning, the flag is lowered or a black ribbon is attached. On days of national mourning, the flag is lowered or a black ribbon is attached.
The state flag in Russia appeared at the turn of the 17th-18th centuries, during the era of the formation of Russia as a powerful state. The first traditional flag was introduced by the father of Peter I, Moscow Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, this was the white-blue-red flag known to everyone today, which was intended for the Russian fleet on the Caspian Sea. It simultaneously served as an identification mark, because Arab and Turkish ships also sailed in the Caspian Sea. That's why three stripes were chosen: such a flag was visible from long distances, in fact, it was a signal flag. This flag did not have its own symbols.
For the first time, the white-blue-red flag was raised on the first Russian warship "Eagle", during the reign of Peter I's father Alexei Mikhailovich. The "Eagle" did not sail for long under the new banner: having descended along the Volga to Astrakhan, it was burned there by the rebel peasants of Stepan Razin.
Peter I is rightfully considered the father of the Russian tricolor. He approved the flag as a sign of respect for the memory of his father.
Only for practical purposes - to distinguish his ships from others in battle - Peter for the first time added a state connotation. The banner on the ship’s mast was a signal to comply with the European rules of civilized war, where the flag was a sign of the ship’s belonging to the state as a “floating land.”
Wanting to make Russia a civilized part of Europe, Peter I approved several flags for the Russian fleet and ground forces. And there were a great many flags; almost every regiment of the Life Guards had its own banners.
The place of the main flag, however, remained empty. And the king was concerned about this problem.
In 1699, out of hundreds of banners, Peter I assigned the role of the state flag to the white-blue-red flag, which by that time was usually flown by peaceful merchant ships. Thus, first of all, the representative status of such a flag was emphasized, a sign of friendly disposition, a gesture of good neighborliness and peace was highlighted.
On January 20, 1705, he issued a decree according to which “on all kinds of trading ships” a white-blue-red flag should be raised, he himself drew a sample and determined the order horizontal stripes. In different variations, the three-stripe flag also decorated warships until 1712, when the St. Andrew's flag was established in the navy.
By this time, the symbolism of flowers had finally developed. The Russian state tricolor flag is a rectangular panel, where three parallel colored stripes represent knowledge:
White is nobility, duty, the color of purity.
Blue is fidelity and chastity, the color of love.
Red is courage and generosity, the color of strength.
This symbolism can be deepened by looking into the works of experts and kabbalists, where: white means fast-flowing time, blue means truth, and red is the color of the resurrection of the dead. And all together this means the following: a sign of power over everything earthly in the name of the victory of heavenly truth. The Russian state flag is a sign of a messianic state that considers the spread of ideas of goodness and truth to be a national calling.
In 1858, Alexander II approved a drawing “with the arrangement of the emblem black-yellow-white colors of the Empire on banners, flags and other items for decoration on the streets on special occasions.” And on January 1, 1865, a personal decree of Alexander II was issued, in which the colors black, orange (gold) and white were directly called “the state colors of Russia.”
The black-yellow-white flag lasted until 1883. On April 28, 1883, a decree from Alexander III was announced, which stated: “So that on those solemn occasions when it is considered possible to allow the decoration of buildings with flags, only the Russian flag should be used, consisting of three stripes: the top - white, the middle - blue and the bottom - red flowers."
In 1896, Nicholas II established a Special Meeting at the Ministry of Justice to discuss the issue of the Russian national flag. The meeting came to the conclusion that “the white-blue-red flag has every right to be called Russian or national and its colors: white, blue and red are called state.”
At this time, the three colors of the flag, which became national, received an official interpretation. The red color meant “sovereignty”, blue - the color of the Mother of God, under whose protection Russia is, white - the color of freedom and independence. These colors also meant the commonwealth of White, Little and Great Russia. After February Revolution The Provisional Government used the white-blue-red flag as its state flag.
The revolution of 1917 abolished the previous banner and coat of arms, but left the idea of a messianic state intact.
Soviet Russia did not immediately reject the tricolor symbol of Russia. April 8, 1918 Ya.M. Sverdlov, speaking at a meeting of the Bolshevik faction of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, proposed to approve the red battle flag as the national Russian flag, and for more than 70 years the red banner was the state flag. On August 22, 1991, the Extraordinary Session of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR decided to consider the tricolor the official symbol of Russia, and by decree of the President of the Russian Federation Boris Yeltsin of December 11, 1993, the Regulations on the State Flag of the Russian Federation were approved, and August 22 was declared the Day of the State Flag of Russia. On this day, the tricolor Russian flag was officially raised over the White House for the first time, replacing the red banner with the hammer and sickle as the state symbol.
The Russian flag is one of those flags that proclaim the primacy of faith over the state. Among them, for example, are the flags of Muslim states, where green color or a crescent signify faith in Allah and Mohammed, his prophet. The Stars and Stripes of the USA first of all speaks of the unity of all American states, of the triumph of the union of lands for the sake of a common ideal of freedom.
The raising of the Russian flag is usually accompanied by the performance of the Russian national anthem, which usually takes place as part of major state events with the participation of top officials of the state; this ceremony marks the greatness of the state and its history. For deliberate damage to the flag, and especially its destruction, there is a special article in the Criminal Code of Russia, which considers such an act of vandalism as a criminal offense.
The state symbols of Russia reflect the power and greatness of our country, its glorious history, and the exploits of the Russian people.
Russian Flag Day- a holiday that helps unite society on eternal values - patriotism, statehood. This holiday gives us a feeling of pride for our great country, for our compatriots.
Celebrating National Flag Day, we feel like we are part of a great power, we are proud that we are children of Great Russia.
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State flag of the Russian Federation is the official symbol of Russia along with its coat of arms and anthem. A rectangular banner of white, blue and red colors - the Russian tricolor - has its own history. The flag has changed over the centuries, and its history reflects the stages of development and change in Russia.
YOU CAN ORDER A FLAG FROM US1668
Until the 17th century, there was no single state flag in Russia. The first mention of it is associated with the name of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov. In 1668 he, in accordance with European tradition ordered to raise the flag over the first Russian warship, named "Eagle". It is known that scarlet, white and blue materials were purchased to make the first flag, although there is no exact information about what it looked like. There are several versions on this matter; according to one of them, a double-headed eagle was also depicted on the flag. It is believed that the type of the first naval flag went back to some Streltsy banners mid-17th century century, or even earlier periods.
1693
This year, while sailing on the White Sea, Peter I for the first time used the “flag of the Tsar of Moscow” on his yacht. The flag consisted of three horizontal stripes (white, blue and red), with a golden double-headed eagle located in the center of the flag. Thus, the fleet has its own unified flag, which can de facto be considered the state flag of Russia.
1705
On January 20, Peter I issued a decree on the placement of a white-blue-red flag on merchant ships. This flag was also used as a field flag of the Russian army, and white-blue-red scarves were part of the officer's uniform from 1700 to 1732.
1712
The navy adopted a white St. Andrew's flag with an azure cross, created in honor of the Order of St. Apostle Andrew the First-Called. The layout of the flag was created personally by Peter I.
1806
Based on the Peter the Great tricolor, other flags were subsequently developed. So, in 1806, the flag of the Russian-American campaign appeared: a traditional tricolor with a black double-headed eagle and the inscription “Russian-American Company” in the middle of the white stripe.
1858
Alexander II was approved new drawing flag for special occasions (black-yellow-white). The initiator of the changes was Baron Kene, who drew the emperor's attention to the fact that the colors of the flag did not correspond to the colors of the coat of arms, while this circumstance was contrary to the rules of German heraldry.
1865
A decree was issued in which black, orange (gold) and white were called the state colors of the Russian Empire. Its colors symbolized earth, gold and silver. Note that the black-yellow-white flag was never popular in society - the associations with Austria and the House of Habsburg were too strong.
1883
During the celebration of the coronation of Alexander III, the emperor drew attention to the contrast of the festive procession, decorated with black, yellow and white flowers, and the city, in which white, blue and red colors predominated. On April 28, 1883, the emperor ordered that the white-blue-red flag of the merchant marine fleet be used exclusively on special occasions.
1896
On the eve of the coronation of Nicholas II, Peter's tricolor was officially given the status of the state flag. The red color symbolized “sovereignty,” the azure color symbolized the patronage of the Mother of God, and the white color symbolized freedom and independence.
1918
In April of this year, at the suggestion of Sverdlov, the state flag became a red banner with the gold inscription of the RSFSR in the upper left corner. The idea of the flag appears to have been borrowed from European revolutionaries and socialists.
1954
Up until this time, the state flag of the RSFSR was often replaced by a red banner without inscriptions or drawings. On May 2, 1954, by decree of the Presidium of the RSFSR, the final version of the flag was approved. Now the flag consisted of a red panel with a light blue stripe at the pole across the entire width of the flag. On the red cloth, in the upper left corner, were depicted a golden sickle and hammer, as well as a red five-pointed star bordered with gold above them.
1991
Started on August 22, 1991 new story Russian flag. The state flag was recognized as a rectangular panel with different-sized horizontal stripes of white, blue and red colors and an aspect ratio of 1:2. Since 1994, August 22 has been declared the Day of the State Flag of the Russian Federation.
1993
On December 11 of this year, Russian President Boris Yeltsin issued Decree No. 2126 “On the State Flag of the Russian Federation,” which approved the colors and proportions of the flag in the form in which we have them now.
2008
Since October 15, 2008, the state flag of the Russian Federation can be used by private individuals, public associations, enterprises, institutions and organizations for purposes that do not violate the flag.
Today in Russia we celebrate the Day of the St. Andrew's Flag, given to the fleet by the first Russian Emperor Peter the Great
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Sergey Antonov
Ask any Russian naval sailor what the two most important colors are associated with the navy, and you will hear the answer: blue and white. And it’s completely natural. These are the colors of one of the most famous naval flags in the world - the Russian St. Andrew's flag.
The ships of the Russian Imperial Navy sailed under the St. Andrew's flag for more than two centuries: from 1699 to 1924. This banner overshadowed the most famous naval battles that made the glory of Russian sailors: Gogland and Gangut, Sinop and Chesme, Chios and Tsushima. Under this flag, the battleship "Azov" and the brig "Mercury", the cruiser "Varyag" and the gunboat "Koreets", the sailing ship "Eagle" and the destroyer "Steregushchiy" went into battle, without caring about the number of enemy ships. A blue oblique cross on a white background shaded the shores of Antarctica, brought there by the sloops Vostok and Mirny, and traveled around globe on the frigate "Pallada" and the corvette "Vityaz". And it has always remained a symbol of the selfless service of Russian sailors to the Motherland.
Gangut battle. Artist Rudolf Yakhnin
Gangut battle. Artist Rudolf Yakhnin. museum.navy.ru
The cross that overshadowed the Russian fleet
There is a beautiful legend about how exactly the first Russian Emperor Peter Alekseevich came up with the design of St. Andrew's flag. Allegedly, after staying up late working on sketches of a naval flag for the nascent Russian fleet, the tsar dozed off right at the table. And when he woke up in the morning, he suddenly saw an oblique blue cross falling on White list in front of his face. So bizarrely it refracted and lay on paper sunlight, passing through the stained glass window on the window of the royal office...
Alas, in reality all this could hardly have happened exactly like this. The first sketch on which the oblique St. Andrew's cross appeared was drawn in 1692 at the same time as another - the classic white-blue-red one. Against the background of the same tricolor, the sovereign also depicted an oblique blue cross for the first time, which could hardly have been the result of a successful play of light and shadow.
Peter I. Artist Paul Delaroche (1838)
Peter I. Artist Paul Delaroche (1838). wikipedia.org
The St. Andrew's flag finally established itself as the main naval flag of Russia in 1712, when Peter I signed the highest decree on its widespread use: “the flag is white, through which the blue cross of St. Andrei for the sake of this, that Russia received holy baptism from this apostle.”
There is another reason why Peter the Great chose the St. Andrew's Cross as a symbol of the Russian navy. In 1703, the Russians occupied the island of Kotlin, and thus the cherished dream of the first Russian Emperor- access to the Baltic Sea. It became the fourth sea for Russia, on which the empire established its rule: together with the Caspian, Azov and White. And thus, the four-pointed St. Andrew's cross received a completely new meaning for Russia.
Die at the flag post
“All Russian military ships must not lower their flags, pennants and topsails to anyone, under the penalty of deprivation of life,” says the “Naval Charter on everything that concerns good governance when the fleet is at sea,” written by Peter I in his own hand. This requirement was strictly observed in the Russian fleet, and there was no dishonor worse for Russian sailors than lowering the flag in the face of the enemy.
So that no one could decide on such madness alone, the stern St. Andrew's flag - and it was and is considered the main one on the ships of the Russian fleet - was always guarded by an armed sentry. Suffice it to say that the same strict security was provided on sailing ships only in the cruise chamber, that is, the ship's storage of gunpowder and cannonballs.
In the book Russian historian military fleet Nikolai Manvelov “Customs and traditions of the Russian Imperial Navy” provides several amazing facts how the sailors guarding the flag did not leave their posts until the arrival of a new sentry, even after being seriously wounded. For example, the author writes, “during the battle near Port Arthur on January 27, 1904, Nikifor Pecheritsa, a sentry at the stern flag of the armored cruiser Bayan, received shrapnel wounds in both legs, but did not leave his post. They replaced him only after the battle - the officers noticed that the non-commissioned officer was standing in an extremely unnatural position. One of the last to leave his ship in the Korean port of Chemulpo (modern Icheon) was the sentry at the banner of the cruiser "Varyag". The boatswain, Pyotr Olenin, was not relieved throughout the entire battle and miraculously did not die - shrapnel cut his Dutchman and trousers, broke the butt of his rifle and tore his boot. At the same time, the non-commissioned officer himself received only a slight wound in the leg. The sentry at the flag on the main mast of the armored cruiser "Russia" in the battle with Japanese ships in the Korea Strait on August 1, 1904, temporarily left his post only at the request of the cruiser's senior officer. By that time, he had been repeatedly wounded and was bleeding. It’s not hard to guess that he returned to his place immediately after the dressing.”
Cruiser "Varyag"
Cruiser "Varyag". Photo: wwportal.com
And it must be admitted that what kept the Russian sailors from the idea of lowering the flag in front of the enemy was not the “fine of deprivation of the belly,” but the firm conviction that this act could not be justified. It is not without reason that in the entire history of the Russian fleet, only two cases are known when ships nevertheless decided to lower the flag - but, surprisingly, none of the officers and sailors were punished with death for this. Probably because living with the stigma of an oathbreaker and a coward was a much greater punishment than losing one’s life.
“So that in the future there will be no more cowards for the Russian fleet”
The first incident occurred in May 1829, when the commander of the frigate "Raphael", captain II rank Semyon Stroynikov, in order to save his crew from imminent death, lowered the St. Andrew's flag in front of the outnumbered Turkish squadron. The captured ship became part of the Turkish fleet and 24 years later, during the Battle of Sinop, was burned by a Russian squadron - as required by the royal decree, which forever deleted the name “Raphael” from the list of ships of the Russian fleet. And the dishonored crew was captured and after the end of the war returned to their homeland, where they were almost in full strength - from the captain to the last bilge officer, with the exception of one midshipman who objected to the commander! - was demoted to sailor. In addition, Emperor Nicholas I, by his personal decree, forbade the former commander of the frigate to marry, “so as not to produce cowards for the Russian fleet in the future.” True, this measure was late: by that time Stroynikov already had two sons - Nikolai and Alexander, and their father’s shame did not prevent them from becoming naval officers and rising to the rank of rear admirals.
Two saints on one flag
On June 5 (17), 1819, by imperial decree of Alexander I, the St. Andrew's flag was approved, where a red heraldic shield with the canonical image of St. George the Victorious was depicted on top of the St. Andrew's cross. This is how the symbols of two saints, especially revered in Russia, appeared on one flag: St. George and St. Apostle Andrew.
The second case of lowering the St. Andrew's flag was recorded already during the reign of the last autocrat of the All-Russian Nicholas II. On the second day of the Battle of Tsushima, five ships of the Russian fleet decided to commit dishonor in order to save the lives of 2,280 Russian sailors. As the author of the book “Customs and Traditions of the Russian Imperial Navy” writes, then “two squadron battleships, two coastal defense battleships and a destroyer, on board of which was the seriously wounded commander of the 2nd squadron of the fleet, surrendered to the Japanese fleet under the command of Admiral Heihachiro Togo Pacific Ocean Vice Admiral Zinovy Rozhdestvensky. To the surprise of contemporaries, the admirals of the surrendered warships were treated very leniently. The commander of the 3rd combat detachment of the squadron, Rear Admiral Nikolai Nebogatov, was first deprived of ranks and awards, and then, in 1906, sentenced to death, which was immediately replaced by 10 years of imprisonment in a fortress. However, he served only 3 years and was released early. The fleet, however, did not forgive him for lowering the flag - Nebogatov’s son, who was studying in the Naval Cadet Corps, was so obstructed that he had to leave the corps and abandon all hopes of becoming a naval officer.” The same replacement of the death penalty with a ten-year imprisonment in the fortress awaited the commanders of the ships that surrendered with Nebogatov.
Return of a Legend
The fact that in the entire two-century-plus history of the Russian navy the St. Andrew’s flag was lowered in the face of the enemy only twice, and there are examples when our sailors raised the signal “I’m dying, but I’m not surrendering!” and stood until the end, there was much more, it says a lot. First of all, about the pride with which Russian sailors bore their rank and their blue-and-white symbol. And they carried it to the last: after Russia became Soviet, the St. Andrew’s flag continued to flutter over Russian ships, which their crews managed to take from Sevastopol to distant Bizerte. Only there and only after France recognized Soviet Russia in 1924 and refused to recognize the flags Russian Empire, the sailors lowered the legendary banners with tears in their eyes.
But Andreev’s colors have not gone away! On the first flag of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Fleet, only the St. Andrew's Cross was present - albeit on a red background and adjacent to a red star. But when a new naval flag was approved in 1935, its primary colors were returned: a white cloth with a wide blue stripe. Having abandoned all the symbols of the “rotten autocracy,” the Bolsheviks still did not dare to encroach on the symbol of the Russian fleet
And the fleet responded to this decision with dignity. Under the Soviet naval flag, Russian sailors gained no less glory than under Andreevsky, honorably continuing the work of their predecessors and without disgracing their honor. When the country ceased to be Soviet, one of the first decisions of the All-Army Officers' Meeting on January 17, 1992 was a petition to replace the naval flag of the USSR with the naval flag of Russia - St. Andrew's. On the same day, the Russian government adopted a resolution to return the status of the St. Andrew's flag. The presidential decree on the approval of new flags of the country, including the naval one, was signed on July 21, 1992.
* The decree was signed by Peter on December 1, 1699 according to the old style. Due to discrepancies in dates in some sources, December 10 is considered St. Andrew's Flag Day.
Flag is the state symbol of Russia
Goals:
- To instill in children a respectful attitude towards the state symbols of Russia, the Constitution - the fundamental law of the country.
- Expand students' understanding of their native country.
- Introduce children to the new concepts of “standard”, “banner”, “vexillology”.
- Develop students' cognitive activity.
Progress of the event.
(Slide 1) State symbols have their own history. They have come a long way in their development, they had a deep meaning, their creators were motivated by wonderful and kind ideas
(Slide 2) At the sound of the anthem, the heart begins to beat excitedly. Sports fans resolutely paint their faces in “state” colors. Competition winners are often brought to tears when the flag of their home country flies up.
(Slide 3 ) All these manifestations of pride and love for one’s homeland are expressed through respect for its symbols. Without their reverence, without knowledge of their history, without understanding the meaning inherent in them, the social and personal development of a young citizen of Russia is impossible.
Today we will talk about one of the symbols of Russia - the flag.
(Slide 4) During the era of the Great Geographical Discoveries, sailors and travelers planted the flags of their states on new lands. Thus denoting the possessions of their countries.
(Slide 5) When the Norwegian explorer R. Amundsen was the first to reach the South Pole in 1911, he planted the Norwegian flag there as a symbol that the honor of discovering the South Pole belonged to the Norwegians.
(Slide 6) When in 1969, for the first time in human history, American astronauts set foot on the surface of the Moon, the Americans planted the US flag there.
(Slide 7) The word "flag" is of Dutch origin and means "ship's ensign". Indeed, there is a lot in common between the flag and the banner: both are panels with various emblems and inscriptions, attached to a pole or cord.
There are different flags. The world of flags is large and diverse.
(Slide 8) The word “banner” comes from the word “sign, sign, omen.” A banner is a sign of who it belongs to, its symbol.
In medieval Russia, military units and military regalia were also called banners. Russian banners owe their origin to military affairs.
The banner is a symbol of unification. The troops lined up around battle flags. The banner signified the commander's headquarters (tent) and the center of the battle formation. The number of banners was used to determine the number of troops.
(Slide 9) Raising the banner meant readiness for battle, lowering it meant admitting defeat. Therefore, in the battle, the warriors tried to break through to the enemy banner in order to cut it down and capture it. The loss of the banner brought great shame to the entire military unit. Capturing the enemy's banner in battle was considered a special distinction.
(Slide 10 ) Not only military units can have banners; there are also banners of organizations. There are differences between banners and flags. Flags are usually made from lighter material. They have simpler images. The banners may have different emblems and inscriptions, often complex compositions. Unlike flags, banners are not hung for long periods of time. They are kept rolled up and used on specific occasions.
(Slide 11) The banners are carried by certain people - standard bearers. They also guard the banner in battle. The banner is considered a symbol of a military unit or organization (in our case, a cadet school).
The banner consists of several parts, the main thing being the panel. Usually the panels are rectangular, but they can have other shapes. The cloth is attached to the shaft, which is crowned with a pommel. The pommel is made in the form of some kind of emblem. Ribbons, cords with tassels can also be attached to it. Emblems and inscriptions are usually drawn or hung on the banner and placed on both sides. In this case, the front side is considered to be turned to the right of the shaft in relation to the viewer.
(Slide 12) Standards are a type of banner. Once upon a time, regimental banners in the cavalry were called standards; today, a standard is the flag of the head of state and his leaders, accompanying them during a solemn ceremony. The standard has a smaller panel size than ordinary banners and flags. As a rule, the panel of the standard is square in shape.
Banners also include banners. A banner is a church banner. Essentially, this is an icon depicted on a canvas. Banners usually contain an image of Christ, the Mother of God, saints, a cross, as well as the texts of the Holy Scriptures and prayers. Banners are carried out during religious processions and other church rituals. In the old days, battle banners were also called banners.
There is a historical science “vexillology” (from the Roman “vexillum” - banner), which studies banners.
Each country, as everyone knows, has its own flag.
The Constitution adopted in 1993 determined that the description and procedure for the official use of the state flag are established by federal constitutional law. This law was passed State Duma December 8, 2000, signed by President V.V. Putin on December 25, and officially published on December 27, 2000. Its description is as follows: The state flag of the Russian Federation is a panel of three equal horizontal stripes: the top is white, the middle is blue and the bottom is red. The ratio of the flag's width to its length is 2:3.
(Slide 13) The national flag of the Russian Federation is constantly raised on the buildings of the authorities of our country. It is hung on public holidays and special ceremonies.
It rises on the buildings of Russian diplomatic missions abroad.
(Slide 14) It flies as a stern flag on the masts of Russian ships.
(Slide 15 ) Three-color flag images are applied to aircraft Russian Federation and on its spacecraft. The flag testifies to belonging to Russia, denotes its territory, confirms the state functions of those bodies over whose buildings it flies.
(Slide 16) The national flag is also raised during official ceremonies and special events. Every day it soars at the place where Russian military units are permanently stationed.
(Slide 17) On days of national mourning, the flag is lowered or a black ribbon is attached to the top of the flagpole. This testifies to the grief of the entire state, the entire people.
The flag is our shrine, and we must treat it with respect and reverence.
The Russian flag owes its birth to the Russian fleet. In 1667-1669, the first Russian flotilla was built in the village of Dedinovo on the Oka River. We had to choose a flag for the ship. The captain of the ship "Eagle" D. Butler asked the government what flags his flotilla should fly: “On ships of which state the ship is, there is a banner of that state.”
Indeed, the flag of a particular country showed that this ship belongs to it and is its territory. By that time, the leading maritime powers already had their own flags. It is from sea flags that many originate. national flags. In April 1668, Russian ships were ordered to issue a large number of fabrics are white, blue and red, but we do not know exactly how these colors were located on the first Russian flags. Some researchers believe that the flag consisted of four parts.
(Slide 19) The Russian tricolor probably arose from the Dutch model(Slide 30) . It is likely that Alexei Mikhailovich, and then Peter I, took as a basis the combination of colors of the Dutch flag (orange, white and blue)
The arrangement of stripes on the Russian flag was different and reflected Russian traditions. Red, the color of blood, seemed to denote the earthly world, blue - celestial sphere, white – divine light. All three colors have long been revered in Rus'.
(Slide 20) The color red was considered a symbol of courage and courage, as well as a synonym for beauty. The blue color was a symbol of the Mother of God. White color personified peace, purity, nobility.
(Slide 21) In 1705, the “Book of Flags” by the Dutchman K. Alyard was published in Amsterdam. By order of Peter I, this book was translated into Russian. It shows and describes the flags and pennants of many countries. It is interesting that this publication includes a description of the flags of “His Tsarist Majesty of Moscow.” The first flag, as Alard writes, “is divided into three, the top stripe is white, the middle stripe is blue, the bottom stripe is red. On a blue gold stripe with a royal karuna is crowned a double-headed eagle, which has a red mark in its heart with a silver Saint George without the Serpent.” The second banner also has stripes - white, blue, red, and these stripes are “cut through” with a blue St. Andrew’s cross. Apostle Andrew was considered the patron saint of Russia and navigation.
(Slide 22) St. Andrew's flag appeared in the era of Peter I around 1707. This is a flag - a blue oblique cross on a white field. St. Andrew's flag became the flag of the navy of the Russian Empire. Thus, the military fleet sailed under the St. Andrew's flag, and the civil and commercial fleet flew under the white-blue-red one.
So guys, today you got acquainted with the symbols state power Russia, with a part of Russian history.
That is why the attitude towards the coat of arms, flag and anthem is also the attitude towards the state itself. And it should be respectful not only to its Fatherland. Insulting state symbols is akin to insulting both the state and its people, its history and culture.