“What does a person need a nose for?”
Summary of OOD on valeology.
Program content:
Introduce children to an important sensory organ – the nose;
Give an idea of the main functions of the nose (cleansing and warming the air, catching odors);
Reinforce the rules of hygiene and nose care;
Vocabulary work:
Clarify the meaning of the words: filter, guard post.
Material:
Drawing of a man without eyes and nose;
two glasses: one empty, the other with dirty water, a cotton-gauze filter;
snowflakes; illustrations of a filter, stove;
border guard with a dog; material for the game “Guess by the smell”: tangerine, soap, perfume, banana.
Progress:
Children sit on chairs arranged in a semicircle.
Educator: Guess the riddle: Between two luminaries I am alone. (Nose)
There's a knock on the door. Karandashkin enters with a drawing in his hands.
Karandashkin: Hello guys! My name is Karandashkin. I drew a cheerful little man and brought him to show you.
Educator: Look, children, some strange man. Is he missing something?
Children: The man is missing eyes.
Educator: Karandashkin, you forgot to draw the eyes. Children, why do people need eyes?
Children: A person needs eyes so that he can see.
Karandashkin draws eyes.
Educator: Guys, is everything right now?
Children: No, the nose is missing.
Karandashkin: I won't draw the nose. Do you know why? If I draw his nose, he will pull it up and won’t notice us.
Educator: Karandashkin, you're wrong. We need our nose not only to lift it up. Guys, what else do we need a nose for?
Children: The nose is needed to breathe.
Educator: Let's breathe through our nose. There are snowflakes under your chairs.
Breathing exercise “Blowing away a snowflake”:
One two Three . Take a snowflakeOne two Three. Let's blow away the fluff
Flew and spun
And she sank to the ground.
Karandashkin: You can also breathe through your mouth.
Educator: Yes, you can, but it’s better to breathe through your nose.
The nose is very important to us. The nose is simultaneously a filter, a stove, and a guard post.
We take a breath and suck in air through our nostrils. It gets inside the nose and runs through its winding channels. The surface of these channels is dotted with many tiny eyelashes. They sway all the time, like grass in a meadow when the wind blows. Motes of dust stick to these cilia, like flies to sticky tape.
That's why our nose is called a living filter. Do you know what a filter is? (Children's answers)
Educator: A filter is a mechanism for cleaning something. For example, water or air. I'll show you how a simple cotton wool and gauze filter works.
Filter experience:
I have two glasses on the table. One glass is empty and the other is filled with dirty water.
Seryozha, help me carry out the experiment. Insert a filter into an empty glass and pour dirty water through it. Look, the water is clean, but the filter is dirty.
Guys, who remembers what a filter is?
The filter image is posted.(Children's answers)
Educator: From the inside, the walls of the nose are penetrated by many thin vessels through which hot blood flows all the time. Therefore, it is hot in the narrow canals of the nose, like in an oven. Running along these convolutions, even cold frosty air manages to warm up and becomes warm. This is why you need to breathe through your nose rather than your mouth - there is less danger of inhaling dust and catching a cold.
A picture of a stove is displayed.Karandashkin, do you understand what the nose does with the air?
Karandashkin: Yes, the nose cleans and warms the air.
Karandashkin: Guys, I remembered one of my friends who has a very long nose. Do any of you know him?
Children: This is Pinocchio
Karandashkin: Let's move a little. Get on your feet.
Physical education minute:Pinocchio stretched
Once - bent over,
Two - bent over.
He spread his arms to the sides
Apparently I couldn't find the key.
To get us the key
We need to stand on our toes.
Karandashkin: Tell me, is the nose just a filter and a stove?
Educator: No, not only. The nose is also called a guard post, because it is the only one of all the senses that can perceive odors. And this is very important. If you smell smoke in the air, your nose will immediately report it. A delicious smell comes from the oven - the housewife understands: the pie is ready, it’s time to take it out. It is the smell that sometimes warns us of danger or helps determine the quality of products.
An illustration depicting a border guard with a dog is being exhibited.
Educator: Listen, Karandashkin, what poem do the guys know? It was written by E. Mashkovskaya. It's called "My Wonderful Nose."
The children read the poem:
I do not know anything
And suddenly my nose says:
That somewhere someone has
Something is burning now.
I do not know anything
But my nose reported:
Someone bought oranges
And he put it there.
I do not know anything
I'm sitting in stuffiness.
The nose says: “Let's take a walk,
I beg you very much"
You go and walk with him
He speaks to me.
He says: “Do you know?
It already smells like spring!”
Karandashkin: I want to test how my nose can detect smells. I have a magic box that contains various scents. Do you recognize what is in the jars?
Karandashkin takes out a box containing opaque jars with small holes. The jars contain various products that have a bright smell.
Karandashkin: Well done! Your noses are very good at distinguishing odors. So what else do we need a nose for?
Children: The nose is needed to detect smells.
Ask a few kids.
Educator: Now hold your nose and say the word Ni-na. Did it turn out beautiful? (Children's answers)
So what else do we need a nose for?
Children: We need our nose to speak beautifully.
Educator: Now tell me why our nose gets sick?
Children: The nose gets sick when germs get into it.
Educator: How does our nose try to get rid of germs?
Children: We sneeze.
Educator: Children, we have talked a lot about the nose. Now I want to know if you know the rules of nose hygiene and safety. Answer yes or no.
Karandashkin is confused.
Picking your nose with your finger or a sharp object (not allowed)
Wipe your nose with your handkerchief (you can)
Sticking small objects up your nose (not allowed)
Using someone else's handkerchief (not allowed).
Educator: Well done! You are well aware of the rules of nasal hygiene and safety. How do you and I harden our noses in kindergarten?
Children: We are walking with him. We wash and clean it.
Educator: Well, Karandashkin, do you understand how important the nose is for us?
Karandashkin: Yes, I realized how important the nose is for us. The nose both cleans and warms the air, and it also captures odors. It also helps us speak beautifully. I'll now draw the nose of the man.
Karandashkin draws a nose.
Karandashkin: I have to go. I'll go and draw something else and bring it to you. Goodbye!
Children: Goodbye! Come visit us again.
Karandashkin leaves.
Educator: Do you, children, remember why we need a nose?
Children's answers. Illustrations help answer.
The search paths are inscrutable and unexpected. It happens that an accidentally noticed fact leads to a scientific discovery. Such an accident is usually natural. No wonder I.P. Pavlov said that those who have no ideas in their heads will not even notice the facts. Viktor Andreevich Bukov studied the reflexogenic zone of the upper respiratory tract. One day, repeating experiments for the hundredth time to study the effect of moisture on the nasal passages of a rabbit, instead of water, he accidentally took a solution of table salt. The animal died. What's the matter? After all salt- sodium chloride - is part of tears, from which, as you know, no one dies. Viktor Andreevich is deliberately repeating the mistake. The result is the same. What's the matter? Why? This is why he joined ten others. And one of the questions was the most unclear. If it is formulated briefly, it will perhaps not sound entirely serious: why does a person need a nose?
Let’s make a reservation in advance: we are talking about the external nose, sitting triumphantly in the middle of the face and familiar to our eyes. In essence, the question had little connection with the topic of research, but the thought came - and it was already difficult to get rid of it.
Animals do not have such a pronounced external nose; they get along perfectly well without it. Only humans have a nose. Why does he need it? What role does it play in the body? What is this - just decoration?
In nature everything is expedient. It is known that over a long period of development in the body, the same tissues and organs that are associated with certain functions are preserved, developed and improved. Everything unnecessary gradually changes and dies. But no trend towards the disappearance of noses in people has been found. So you need a nose?
The nose has its own history. The ancient man had a very small nose. Among primitive people it already occupies a more prominent place on the face. But only much later does it acquire its current dimensions. Each person in his development, as it were, briefly repeats the history of the entire human race - from a cell to a thinking being. All organs are affected. The nose is no exception. All children at birth have more or less the same shape and size of their noses. The child grows, develops, begins to speak, and only by the age of two does his nose, so to speak, acquire individuality.
A man without a nose is something fantastic... Remember the cry from the heart of Gogol’s Major Kovalev, who instead of a nose has “a completely smooth place, as if it were a freshly baked pancake”? “- My God, my God! What is this misfortune for? If I were without an arm or without a leg, all this would be better; if I were without ears, it would be bad, but everything would be more bearable; but without a nose a man is the devil knows: a bird is not a bird, a citizen is not a citizen; just take it and throw it out the window!”
Man is given eyes to see, ears to hear. Nose - to breathe, to distinguish smells, and also to warm, moisturize and purify the inhaled air? But animals cope with this no worse than humans, and manage perfectly well without an external nose. This means that the existence of the external nose is associated with a function inherent only to humans. But which one?
Runny nose. It would seem like nothing, but how bad you feel. My head feels dizzy and hurts, making it harder to work. If your nose is stuffy, your sleep is shallow and restless. Children, if they are used to breathing only through their mouths, learn worse and get sick more often.
Doctors treat patients with irritation of the nasal passages. Irrigations, inhalations, electrical procedures are prescribed, and not only for a runny nose, but also for diseases that seem to be far from the nose, such as peptic ulcer stomach and duodenum, various neuroses. A man faints - they give him ammonia to sniff, and consciousness returns.
Here are some more facts. Inhabitants of the steppes have long noticed that their vision is sharpened if they breathe through their nose through a wet handkerchief. Sailors usually have excellent eyesight.
AND Scientific research and everyday experience confirm one thing: the upper respiratory tract has a diverse and complex effect on almost all functions of the body. The nasal passages are covered with an extremely rich network of receptors that are irritated by temperature, humidity, odors, and air movement. Powerful currents constantly arise here, which are directed to the central nervous system and through it affect the entire body: breathing, blood circulation, heart function, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract...
But the nasal cavity of animals is completely covered with similar receptors, and they function on the same principle. Why the external nose anyway? Active movement often dulls both mental and physical pain. If the tail is accidentally pinched, she begins to meow, squirm, scratch, and express her protest in a very active form. And in severe pain, a person screams, cries, and makes a lot of seemingly unnecessary movements. What's the matter here? Pain, fear, any strong irritation is immediately transmitted to the cerebral cortex. And the cells of the cortex are extremely fragile and intolerant. If they receive too much charge of impulses, there is a threat of disruption to their activity. To prevent this, to protect the delicate cortical cells, the body has developed a special security system.
A cat meows and throws itself at the wall, a person bites his lip... This is how competitive centers of excitement are instinctively created. The two foci weaken and extinguish each other. Only pain can bring animals out of a state of relative “mental” peace. They moderate it with active muscle movements. This triggers the induction braking mechanism. It is enough to protect the animal's nervous system.
It’s a different matter for a person... He sits calmly at desk. The phone rings. They report a disaster. The nerve cells received a strong concentrated blow that exceeds their endurance. But a person does not scream, does not run, does not hit his head against the wall to escape imminent danger, the cells of the cortex can instantly turn off: this will trigger another guard - transcendental inhibition. If it spreads throughout the cerebral cortex, the person loses consciousness and faints. If certain areas of the cortex are switched off, temporary loss of vision, hearing, and the ability to move occurs.
The second signaling system - the ability to speak and think - immeasurably elevated man above all living beings. She made him infinitely powerful and at the same time weakened him. The word has acquired decisive power over the nervous system, often exposing it to the danger of overexcitation. When a person is relatively motionless, there is no life-saving inductive inhibition. The beyond remains, but it is unprofitable for the body. Imagine how unbearably difficult it would be to live if, with any more or less strong shock or fear, people fainted, lost their sight, and froze in place. Perhaps such a property accompanying the second signaling system would eliminate all its positive qualities. It would be too high a price to pay for the ability to think! But an unexpected friend came to the rescue - tears. The man did not stop talking, but he learned to cry. This is where the nose comes in handy.
“Cry - it will be easier”... There is a deep meaning hidden in this simple ancient advice. Instant abundant irrigation with tears extremely strongly (remember the dead rabbit!) irritates the receptors of the nasal cavity. A new powerful focus of excitation is created in the brain, which removes the danger of overstrain from the cortical cells. The principle of operation of the “tear mechanism” is simple. General excitation of cortical cells leads to relaxation of the “clamps” of the nasolacrimal canals. Tears erupt from their reservoirs and, first of all, flow into the nasal passages, irrigating and stimulating the receptors located there.
The body regulates the functioning of the “tear mechanism” and rarely launches it at full capacity. When the irritation of the cortical cells is not too strong, there is no need for the “tear mechanism”. Sometimes the “valves” of the nasal canals do not relax completely, few tears flow down, and they do not come to the surface at all. Only your breathing quickens and you feel a tickling in your nose.
The stronger the excitement, the more intense the crying. The man sobs, sighs convulsively, sobs loudly. To the main, initial irritations of the receptors of the nasal cavity are added additional irritations of the receptors of the larynx, respiratory tract, etc., acting in the same beneficial direction.
All people are subject to tears, regardless of character, strength, endurance. Don’t believe it if a person claims that he “can’t cry.” It’s just that its cortical cells are very resistant to irritation; menacing overstimulation is not so easily created, and for the most part there is no need to use the "tear mechanism". But this mechanism vigilantly guards nervous well-being, ready, if necessary, to protect the brain from too much grief and too much joy.
Can animals cry? No, they can't. This is one of the privileges of man. The poeticized tears of dogs and driven animals are not a consequence of their feelings, but simply increased irrigation of the cornea of the eyes; protecting it from drying out. Tears perform the same job “part-time” in our body.
But how are tears connected to the nose? Couldn't a person cry without a nose? Yes exactly. Apparently, the shape of our nose is most favorable for the functioning of the “tear mechanism”.
Remember the curious one from Kipling's fairy tale? The evil crocodile stretched out his nose and turned his small snub-nosed button into a long, flexible trunk. In the development of man, the role of such a crocodile - only a good one - was obviously played by tears. For hundreds of thousands of years, they intensely irritated the nasal passages, and this led to gradual growth number of receptors. But the more receptors, the larger the area of the mucous membrane on which they are located should be. Therefore, it can be assumed that the increase inner surface the nose was inevitably affected by changes in its osteochondral basis - on the size of this organ.
At the first stages of human development, the second signaling system was primitive, and it was not difficult to neutralize its dangerous influence. The tiny nose of our ancestors coped with this task quite well. So our nose did not grow immediately; it obediently followed the development of the second signaling system.
Modern life gives a person an immense wealth of impressions, feelings, and experiences. Our central nervous system We constantly have to withstand the violent attacks of a wide variety of stimuli. Compared to them, the experiences of our ancestors seem childishly simple. But nevertheless, modern people use the “tear mechanism” much less often - they have learned to restrain their feelings. Remember how often and bitterly children cry - for any trifle! Our ancestors, who were hot-tempered and irritable, cried just as often.
The fact is that as the human race developed, another type of inhibition developed and improved - internal. It is associated with character traits, such as self-control, endurance; courage, giving a person the opportunity to rise above any misfortune and resist it.
Internal inhibition develops gradually, and therefore it cannot immediately resist nervous shock. That's why with all of him positive qualities it has not replaced and cannot replace inductive, external inhibition, which manifests itself in the work of the “tear mechanism.” Obviously, a person never forgets how to cry. This means he will always need a nose!
P.S. What else do British scientists talk about: that thanks to our noses we can appreciate wonderful aromas, for example, when we smoke a hookah. Especially if it is some high-quality ehose starbuzz purchased in bulk from the manufacturers themselves.
Teacher of the first qualification category of the Municipal budget preschool educational institution « Kindergarten combined type No. 201", Orenburg
Educational area"Health"
Age: 35 years.
Summary of GCD on the topic: “Our nose”
Goals:
To form children’s basic understanding of the sense organs - the nose and its functions;
Show children what role the nose plays in a person’s life;
Develop the ability to consider each other, the ability to work in a team;
Develop the ability to analyze, compare, and draw conclusions;
Foster a desire to take care of your health;
Reinforcing the rules of nose care
Equipment: doll - glove “Dunno”; illustrations depicting people of different genders and ages; products with a well-defined characteristic odor, toilet soap, a perfume bottle, a set of “Take care of your nose” cards, a chest or box.
Dunno comes to the group of children, he has a bag in his hands.
Dunno: Hello, guys. Look what I brought you - this is a bag, there is a surprise for you. Do you like surprises? But this chest is not simple, but magical. To open it, you need to solve riddles, will you try it?
The smell of bread, the smell of honey,
The smell of onions, the smell of roses
It will help to distinguish... (nose)
Here is the mountain, and at the mountain
Two deep holes.
The air wanders in these holes,
It comes in and out. (children's answers)
It can be very different:
Small, big and important,
Long, thin and humpbacked,
Thick or freckled. (children's answers)
Dunno: That's right, guys, you guessed all my riddles. Show your nose. Why do you need a nose? (children's answers).
Educator: That's right, guys. We breathe through our noses.
Dunno: Just think, you can breathe through your mouth, but this nose only causes trouble - either it sneezes, or you fall down a hill and break it.
Educator: What are you talking about, Dunno, you need to breathe through your nose. This is very important - because our nose warms and cleans the air we breathe from dust and germs. Besides, the nose is needed not only to breathe. Guys, why else do you need a nose, what can it do? (children's answers). If the children have difficulty, the adult gives a hint - reads an excerpt from the poem by Yu. Prokopovich “Why do babies need a nose?”, then listens to the children’s answers.
Hot summer on a meadow
The nose smells the flowers.
In the clearing there are strawberries,
There are ripe strawberries in the garden.
The nose smells in the garden,
Where the garlic and onions have grown.
This can happen in the house
The spout will also come in handy:
He will find jam in the cupboard,
Where are the candies and cookies?
Where are the chocolates in the buffet?
Or juice, sweet in a bottle.
Who brought the oranges?
Our nose will smell everything.
He even remembers what it's like
The smell of my mother's perfume.
Dunno: Guys, does this mean that the nose helps us smell different smells? What smells do you know? (children's answers). Now the time has come to open the magic chest, and our assistant, the nose, will help us find out what is in it.
The game is being played "Guess by the smell"- an adult calls several children to him in turn, blindfolds them and asks them to identify by the smell what he is taking out of the chest (fresh bread, fresh cucumber, orange, flower, garlic, onion, perfume bottle, etc.). Then the child explains how he determined what object was in front of him, because he did not see it.
Educator: Guys, Dunno, do you know that smells can be useful and harmful. Do you think the smells of onions and garlic are beneficial or harmful? (children's answers). That's right, these smells are useful - they kill germs. Is the smell of cigarettes, smoke or gas beneficial or harmful? (children's answers) That's right, such odors are harmful.
To help your noses breathe well, I suggest performing breathing exercises:
One two three four five!
walking in place
We also know how to relax -
stop, hands behind your back
Let's put our hands behind our backs,
Let's raise our heads higher
head up
And let's breathe easily.
breathing through the nose
Dunno: Well done, guys, tell me, since the nose is our important assistant, that means... (children's answers) right, that means we must take care of it. Educator: Let's look at the cards - working with the cards “Take care of your noses” - the girl picks her nose with her finger (pencil), the boy puts a bead in his nose, the boy blows his nose very hard, the girl bends over a jar of paint, the girl gives her friend her handkerchief and etc.
Dunno (sad): Oh-oh-oh. And I don’t have my own handkerchief.
Educator: Don’t be sad, Dunno, our guys will give you a lot of beautiful handkerchiefs.
The children give Dunno handkerchiefs (preliminary work - applique “Decorate the handkerchief with a pattern”), Dunno thanks the children, says goodbye to them, and says that he will definitely come to them.
Additional material on the topic:
➣ Examination of illustrations depicting people and animals, conversation “How different noses are”
➣ Review and discussion of “Take care of your nose” cards
➣ Reinforcing the rules of nose care: you cannot pick your nose with your finger or even a sharp object; Do not put foreign objects into your nose; When you have a runny nose, you shouldn’t blow your nose too much or suck in mucus; You cannot use someone else’s handkerchief; You should not inhale the smell of unfamiliar liquids while leaning over a jar.
➣ Performing breathing exercises:
Exercise “Rocket” - Take a deep breath through the nose, slowly raise your arms, bring your palms together. Rise onto your toes, pull yourself up, holding your breath. Slowly exhale deeply with the sound ААААА, hands fall down in time with the exhalation.
Exercise “Mouse and Bear” - Bear has a huge house (straighten up, arms up, stretch, look at your hands - inhale). The Mouse is very small (sit down, clasp your knees with your hands, lower your head - exhale while pronouncing the sound “sh-sh-sh”.
Exercise “Wind” (the exercise is performed while standing.) Slowly raising your arms to the sides, take a deep breath through your nose. Lowering your arms, exhale slowly through your mouth. Repeat the exercise 3-4 times.
Exercise “Hedgehogs” - Calm breathing through the nose.
➣ Conducting the experiment “The importance of the nose for speech” - an adult asks the child to close his nose and say a word. The conclusion is drawn: the sounds change and become unclear. Then the child with his nose closed reads some poem, discussion with the children.
From childhood, we teach our children how to eat, drink, walk, and talk correctly. But how to breathe? We don't teach adults. But in vain, because the huge reserves of health inherent in nature in the body itself are not used. This is a very serious omission. In winter, when the risk of colds, flu, proper breathing plays a significant role in the prevention of these diseases. Whenchild breathes through his mouth, children experience oxygen starvation, decreased appetite, and metabolic disorders. Constant mouth breathing slows down the growth of the thyroid gland, hemoglobin decreases, sugar and calcium levels decrease, which is very noticeable now in the younger generation. Memory disorders, mental retardation and physical development. Children who constantly breathe through their mouth experience headaches, irritability, night terrors, urinary incontinence, etc. As a result, when breathing through their mouth, the air is not properly exposed to"biological treatment", that is, these children often suffer from sore throat, bronchitis, pneumonia, and frequent and long-term illnesses seriously undermine the child’s immunity. Therefore, we teachers must explain and teach our students how to breathe correctly. This is the first step on the path to self-healing.
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Municipal state preschool educational institution
"Kindergarten "Rodnichok"
Educational activity area "Physical development"
"Journey to the Country of Nosaria"
(senior preschool age)
Prepared by: physical education instructor
Naumova T.I.
G. Sukhinichi
Target : Formation of an idea about your body and ways to maintain health.
Tasks:
- To form in children anatomical and physiological ideas about the structure of the nose.
- Teach how to use healing techniques: play massage; gymnastics for the eyes; corrective gymnastics; exercises to strengthen the muscles of the feet for self-healing.
3. Develop stability of attention, develop logical thinking, memory, continue to work to improve the health of children.
4. Cultivate goodwill.
Methodological support:illustrations - elephant, stork, wolf, hare.., "pelican, duck; scarves according to the number of children. Presentation "Nose" Audio recording of the song "Terribly Interesting", "Steam Locomotive", "Songs about Noses", "Songs of Solveig" (cassette "Grieg and the Sounds of the Ocean").
Preliminary work:
- Learn play massage “Snails” and “Pigs” with children.
- Learn gymnastics for the eyes “Curious Nose”
- Prepare a presentation “The Nose”
- Recording of musical accompaniment.
Progress of the event.
Enter to the music “Everything that is unknown is terribly interesting”
Leading:
I'll ask you all a question:
Why do we need a nose?
One two three four five -
Nose went out for a walk.
The nose doesn't want to catch a cold
And he doesn't want to sneeze.
So, guys, we need
Do the exercises.
Children pull their noses a little.
Nose massage “Snails”
Leading:
From porch to gate
The snails crawled for three hours,
The girlfriends crawled for three hours,
Carrying huts on myself.
Children rub their index fingers together; massage the nostrils from top to bottom and from bottom to top 10-20 times.
He sees the spout - a steam locomotive
I brought all the guys to visit.
Delivered in one minute
To Nosaria, a magical land.
Music song "Steam Locomotive".
Walking. Rearrangement in three columns to perform outdoor switchgear.
Exercises “Funny Animals”.
Leading:
- The elephant nods its head
He sends his regards to the guys.
Children tilt their heads forward. Repeat 6-8 times
- The wolf plays ball with the hare
This means something.
Turns left and right with the arm moving to the side. Repeat 6-8 times
- Pelican dives deftly
This is what training means!
Bend forward, hands clasped behind your back. Repeat 6-8 times.
- Ducks swam in the canal
The result is three medals.
Tilts to the right, left. Hands on the belt. Repeat 6-8 times
- The stork does exercises;
Now jumping, then squatting.
Squat with clapping hands overhead. Repeat 6 times
- The young hare got on his skis.
Here it is - the finish! Closer! Closer!
Jumping different types. We alternate 2 times 6-8 times with walking.
Leading: Nose looked around and saw the inhabitants of this amazing country, how they played. You want to play with them, then let's move on. “Heron” (walking, raising your knees high and straightening your legs forward); "Monkeys" (jumping); “Penguins” (walking with toes pointed to the sides); "Leopard" (running). Walking in a column one at a time. We form a column of two.
Music for walking and running.
Bunnies play ball.
- Passing the ball with both hands from below, in pairs.
- Broadcast. The ball is thrown from the chest with both hands and bounces off the floor.
Leading: Look, the funny pigs have stuck out their curious noses.
Back massage "Pigs"
Like on a typewriter
Two cute pigs
Everybody's knocking
Everyone grunts:
Knock-knock-knock-knock!
Oink-oink - oink-oink!Stroke with palms.
Children stand like a train and lightly pat the person in front with their palms on the back. Rotate 180°. Tapping with fists, tapping with fingers.
Leading
The nose says: “Let's take a walk!
I’m sitting in stuffiness!”
The nose says: “Let's take a walk!
I beg you very much!”
Eye exercise
The nose looks left and right.Children move their gaze left and right.
The nose looks up and down,Shifting their gaze up and down
What did the sly little nose see?Behind the index finger.
Well, where have we gone?
Gently run your index fingers over your eyelids.
Leading: Guess the riddle:
Lay down in his pocket and keep watch
Roaring, crying and dirty,
They will wipe away streams of tears,
He won’t forget about his nose.(Handkerchief.)
Suddenly the nose saw the handkerchiefs and was so happy! Why? What are scarves for? The children answer.
Wipe your nose, dry your tears and quickly start dancing.
Exercise to strengthen the muscles of the arch of the foot
We took handkerchiefs for our feet,
And they waved a little.
We gathered the handkerchief into an accordion with our toes.
They shifted their right and left legs from right to left and vice versa.
Leading:
The nose sniffed:The children sniff.
It smells like sea air.
And we saw the sea -
Beautiful, big.
Game "The Sea Is Troubled"
Hoops are laid out on the floor, children stand in them. The driver walks like a snake between the players. Those children to whom he says: “The sea is worried!” stand behind him, forming a chain. They walk like this, holding hands, until all the players are taken from their places. Suddenly the driver announces: “The sea is calm!” Everyone gives up and runs to occupy the hoops. The one who is left without a place is appointed as the new driver.
Leading:
We will breathe the sea air.
Breathe through your nose, not your mouth!
We don't raise our shoulders
We help with the tummy.Do breathing exercises.
Guys, what's going on with the air in your nose? The children answer.
You said everything correctly. The air is warmed, humidified, and cleared of dust. Therefore, when walking you need to breathe through your nose, not your mouth.
Music song “About Noses”.
This is an interesting journey we made together with Nosik. And now it's time to say goodbye. Goodbye! See you again, friends!
Tatiana Terekhova
“Why do we need a nose?” Lesson one: “How we breathe”
Target: introduce children to the respiratory organs of humans and some animals
Equipment and materials: small mirrors for all children, paper crowns with drawings, balloons.
Progress of the lesson:
Educator:Guys, guess the riddle:
Here is the mountain, and at the mountain -
Two deep holes.
The air wanders in these holes:
It comes in and out. (Children's answers)
Guys, you and I already know that all of us, people, breathe: inhale and exhale air. What do we need for this? (Children's answers).
Educator: Guys, why do we need need a nose?
Children: The nose helps us breathe and smell.
Educator: Look at each other, do you have the same noses? They are somewhat similar, but at the same time, each person has his own, unique nose. And each is good in its own way. Why are there holes in the nose? Not for the same reason, really, to stick your fingers in there? let's see how our own nose works. Children look at their noses in the mirror.
Teacher's story. Children look at the table "Nose structure".
Entering the nose, the air passes through two corridors, the walls of which are covered with hairs. You can see them yourself if you look at your nose in a mirror. The hairs act as guards. They do not allow dust particles to enter the nose. Next, the air passes through a labyrinth, the walls of which are covered with a sticky liquid - mucus. Microbes stick to it and try to penetrate into our body along with the air. In addition, as it passes through the labyrinth, the air warms up so that it enters the lungs already warm and free of germs. When there is a lot of mucus with adhering microbes, we sneeze and our nose clears. Educator: Why does a person sometimes have a runny nose? (Children's answers)
For what needed handkerchief and why does it need to be changed often? (Children's answers.)
What methods of treating colds do you know? (Children's answers)
Teacher's explanations
You need to dress according to the weather. The main thing is to keep your feet warm. More the ancient Greeks said: “Keep your head cold, your stomach hungry, and your feet warm.”. I got my feet wet and got a runny nose. You can steam your feet in a basin with hot water, to which you can add mustard. Then you need to wipe your feet dry and put on woolen socks. And you also need to drink hot tea with honey and or raspberries. And if you sneeze, be sure to cover your nose with a tissue so as not to infect everyone nearby with your germs.
Do not put foreign objects (buttons, small toys, etc.) into your nose, and if you sometimes have a cold, never blow your nose too hard and do not suck in mucus, so as not to hurt your ear, always use only your handkerchief.
I want to give you some advice.
The nose should not be cold,
A healthy nose for all of us needed,
So that when sleep comes,
Sleep quietly with your mouth closed.
You can still wish
Don't put your finger in your nose,
Don't sit in the sun for a day -
Your nose may get burned!
And in winter there is great frost
Don't stick your nose out!
(Yu. Prokopovich)
The nose is only the beginning of the path of air that enters our body.
I show children where their trachea and lungs are approximately located. (it is not necessary to name them)- these are special tubes into which air enters. But this is not the end of the road. Then the air enters the main respiratory organ - the lungs. The lungs can be compared to two balloons which inflate when you inhale and deflate when you exhale. (I accompany the story with a poster). Let's take a deep breath, our lungs inside seem to be “inflated balls”, our chest rises - there is a lot of air in it. Now let's exhale, the air comes out, and our lungs seem to be “deflated.”
In order for the lungs to work, not all the air is needed, and only part of it is oxygen. A person inhales air, his lungs suck in oxygen and exhale the air back. Air is light and invisible, it consists of several gases. One of them is oxygen. He's the one needed for living beings to breathe. But people and animals exhale another gas - carbon dioxide.
Educator: Guys, what do you think is the difference between gas and liquid? (water) and solid matter (body? (children's reasoning). Everything that is around us consists of small, small particles. These particles behave differently in solids and liquids (water) and gas (air).
First stage of the game. Children pretend to be particles in a solid by wearing paper crowns with an icicle. They stand next to each other, bending their elbows and connecting their palm with the palm of their neighbor. The children stand still: particles in solids do not move, they are not free.
Second phase. Representing liquid (crowns with a drop). Children, one by one, slowly move around the room, spin around, some of them may hold hands (arms extended). Liquid is flowing.
Third stage. Representing gas (crowns with balls). Children run quickly at a distance from each other. At the same time, they will not have enough space in the room, and they begin to collide with each other. I explain to the children that particles in gases also collide, so the gases seem to run out of space, they tend to escape out, just as air escapes from a balloon when a hole appears in it.
Educator: Where does oxygen come from in the air? (children's thoughts) After all, we inhale it all the time, and exhale carbon dioxide. I put anything before the children indoor plant. Oxygen is produced in a special “factory”. This is a factory - green plant leaves. Unlike us, they “love” carbon dioxide. They inhale it for both us people and animals; it’s very good to live next to such neighbors. Factories that provide us with oxygen exist not only on land, but also in the ocean. There are a huge number of small, sometimes very tiny plants floating there. Guys, why do you think we need to protect forests and oceans?
(children's answers).
Target: I’m finding out why the camel and saiga have such an unusual nose shape. Equipment and materials: photographs of the indicated animals, three liter jar with lid, not a large number of sand, rubber hose, pear.
I pour a little sand into a three-liter jar, close it with a plastic lid, and turn it on its side. The sand should cover the glass with a thin layer. I made a hole in the lid and inserted a hose into it, connecting it to a rubber bulb. It will be needed to pump air into the jar. It is necessary to observe safety precautions so that during the experiments sand does not accidentally get into the children’s eyes and respiratory organs. You can place a small toy camel in the jar.
We look at photographs or drawings of animals with children, paying attention to the shape of their nose. Then we move on to conducting experiments. Guys, let's assume that in front of us is a sandy desert. The wind is blowing (squeezes the pear sharply so that the sand rises). These kind of sandstorms, only even stronger, happen in real deserts, where camels and saigas live. Guys, now you can answer my question yourself - Why do they have such unusual noses? We have already said that even our nose, which is not large compared to a camel’s, does not allow dust to pass through. Imagine how the nose of a saiga or a camel helps it during a storm? The grains of sand floating in the air fall into the nose, which does not allow them to pass further.