By presidential decree, the year was declared the year of ecology. Ecological research. The purpose of this decision is to draw attention to problematic issues existing in the environmental sphere and improve the state of environmental safety of the country

2017 announced in Russian Federation Year of ecology.

The Year of Ecology is held in order to attract public attention to issues of environmental development in Russia, conservation biological diversity and ensuring environmental safety.

Systematic work is being carried out in many areas, such as improving legislation, transitioning to the best available technologies, improving waste management, protecting water resources, etc.... But what do ordinary citizens see?! And we mainly see work being done on reforestation, stocking water bodies with fish, building wastewater treatment plants, etc. That’s what this article will be about.

Arctic Cleanup:

Military environmentalists exceeded the annual plan for collecting scrap metal in the Arctic zone

Environmental cleanup units of the Ministry of Defense fulfilled the 2017 plan for collecting scrap metal in the Arctic zone by 126 percent. In total, to date, more than 5,587 tons of more than 4.4 planned have been collected, about 3.3 thousand tons of which have been exported. The Deputy Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation announced this in a conversation with journalists.

On Kotelny Island of the New Siberian Islands archipelago, an environmental cleanup platoon completed work on collecting scrap metal, while the Northern Fleet servicemen collected 30 tons over the plan, and in total - 15 thousand barrels with a total weight of 630 tons.

The environmental cleanup units of the Central Military District completed the work planned for this year in Norilsk and also exceeded the plan by more than 31 tons, collecting 731.4 tons of scrap metal.

Also completing work on environmental cleanup of the Arctic, units of the Eastern Military District on Wrangel Island collected and pressed 8,730 barrels with a total weight of 261 tons using special equipment and collected 173 tons of scrap metal. To remove the collected scrap metal, the motor ship “Tsygankov” is being loaded, which has already taken on board containers with 352 tons of scrap metal; by September 30, another 248 tons will be loaded onto it for removal.

On the archipelago New Earth The environmental cleanup detachment of the 12th Main Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation collected more than 1,225 tons of scrap metal, after the demolition of buildings, carried out reclamation of more than 8.2 hectares, and prepared more than 3,413 tons for removal. 2,300 tons of scrap metal have already been removed from the archipelago this year.

In total, this year, 186 military personnel and dozens of units of special equipment, as well as auxiliary fleet vessels, are involved in carrying out environmental cleanup tasks in the Arctic.

Reforestation:

1. More than 6 thousand red oak seedlings were planted in the Oryol region

In the Glazunovsky district of the Oryol region, more than 6 thousand red oak seedlings were planted as part of the All-Russian campaign “Tree of Victory”. The seedlings were grown in the nursery of the Glazunovsky forestry enterprise.

The action was held in memory of the soldiers who died in the area in 1943 on the northern face of the Oryol-Kursk Bulge. The seedlings were planted in close proximity to the memorial site, immortalized by a memorial plaque. This an old oak, under the cover of which in 1943 an artillery crew under the command of Hero Soviet Union Ivan Borisyuk was destroyed a large number of enemy soldiers and equipment.

Simultaneously with planting trees at battle sites in the vicinity of the village of Novy Khutor, members of the search association “Koster” began reconnaissance of the area for the discovery of military graves.

The initiators of the action are the regional branch of the All-Russian Society for Nature Conservation, the Russian Ecological Academy and the administration of the Glazunovsky district. Activists took part in the action social movement"Volunteers of Victory". More than 140 people are students of OSU named after. I.S. Turgenev, OSAU, students from school No. 18 in Orel planted seedlings near the source of the river. Okie.

2. B Kursk region eight thousand rowan, linden and pine seedlings were planted

In the Shchigrovsky district of the Kursk region, the action “Let's grow a forest together” was held. Its participants planted a roadside forest belt with a length of 2 km along the Shchigry-Kursk highway. In total, more than eight thousand seedlings and saplings of rowan, linden and pine were planted, replacing old poplars.

Students and teachers of the Faculty of Natural Geography of Kursk State University took part in the action.

3. As part of the “green” campaign, more than 35 thousand tree seedlings were planted in the Omsk region

From the beginning of May to mid-June, the “All-Russian Forest Planting Day” event took place in the country. During this time, more than 35.5 thousand young trees were planted in the Omsk region on an area of ​​22 hectares. More than 900 people took part in the green action.

The topic of caring for forest resources was discussed at community meetings and during classes in educational institutions. More than 60 lectures were held for students and schoolchildren with the participation of forestry workers.

4. North Caucasus Railways railway workers planted more than 40 thousand trees and shrubs in 2017

40 thousand trees and shrubs were planted at the North Caucasus Railway site (SKZD, a branch of Russian Railways OJSC) in January-September 2017. This was reported by the highway's corporate communications service. In addition, as part of the environmental protection activities of the road, the environmental laboratories of the SKZD Environmental Protection Center performed more than 22 thousand analyzes of the condition of the air, aquatic environment and soil.

Investments in environmental activities in the North Caucasus railway amounted to 83 million rubles. By implementing organizational and technical measures, it was possible to reduce the negative impact on the environment. Thus, the amount of emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere from stationary sources decreased by 6.7% compared to the same period in 2016. Saving Money due to the development of environmental documentation by laboratories, conducting chemical analyzes of industrial emissions, and measuring chemical and physical factors at the border of the sanitary protection zone amounted to 22 million rubles.

5. Penza region exceeded the plan for artificial reforestation

The spring silvicultural season of 2017 has ended in the forests of the Penza region. As part of the Year of Ecology, special attention is paid to reforestation work in the region.

Planting of forest crops in the region was carried out on an area of ​​967 hectares, which is (101%) of the plan; in 2016, the implementation of work on creating forest crops was 100%.

Reforestation work will continue in the autumn until the end of October. The addition of forest crops was carried out on an area of ​​1576 hectares. In total, about 5 million pieces were planted during the spring period. Scots pine seedlings; more than 70 thousand were planted as part of public events. planting material.

6. More than 760 thousand trees and shrubs were planted by Kuzbass residents in one day

Also today, social activists cleaned the banks of reservoirs as part of the “Clean River - Clean Banks” campaign.

As reported by the regional forestry department, on a single day of tree planting, Kuzbass residents planted 763.8 thousand trees and shrubs. Of these, 244.5 thousand seedlings are in populated areas, 225.5 thousand are in the forest fund of the region, 52.7 thousand are during reclamation.

7. More than two million trees were planted in Primorye

During the Year of Ecology, more than two million trees have already been planted in Primorye on an area of ​​almost 700 hectares. In total, this year it is planned to plant more than 3.5 million seedlings on an area of ​​more than a thousand hectares.

According to the forestry department, trees were planted in Chuguevsky, Terneysky, Partizansky, Anuchinsky, Pozharsky, Dalnerechensky, Krasnoarmeysky, Shkotovsky, Kavalerovsky municipal districts.

“First of all, forest plantations are restored on the site of former landfills, wastelands and in areas damaged by fires or illegal logging,” the department said.

Mostly coniferous trees are planted. More than two million young trees have already been planted on an area of ​​almost 700 hectares. In total, along with natural restoration, new forests appeared on an area of ​​almost four thousand hectares.

8. 126 thousand 237 trees were planted on a single forest planting day in Kuzbass

As reported by the regional forestry department, 49 thousand 386 Kuzbass residents took part in the mass action. Plantings took place in almost all settlements of Kuzbass. In Kemerovo, citizens planted 6,610 trees and shrubs, including 200 seedlings in the park named after. Yu. Dvuzhilny. In Novokuznetsk, for the upcoming anniversary of the city, 400 young pines in the form of the number 400 were planted opposite the Kuznetsk fortress. In total, 2.4 thousand young trees appeared in the city.

9. More than 160 thousand young trees were planted in the region as part of the all-Russian environmental campaign in the Kaliningrad region

According to the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, it is planned to plant more than 1 million trees in the region by the end.

10. More than 30 thousand hectares of forest were restored in the Irkutsk region

32.095 thousand hectares of forest have been restored in the Irkutsk region since the beginning of 2017, including planting and sowing of forests on an area of ​​7.147 thousand hectares. Seasonal work is carried out under the constant supervision of specialists from the Ministry of Forestry of the Irkutsk Region. In total, for the current year it is planned to carry out reforestation on an area of ​​130 thousand hectares, including: sowing and planting forests on 11.5 thousand hectares, measures to promote natural regeneration of forests - 15.5 thousand hectares, combined reforestation - 3.0 thousand ha.

11. In the Krasnoyarsk Territory, reforestation measures were carried out on an area of ​​more than 13 thousand hectares

In the Krasnoyarsk Territory, two methods of reforestation are used - artificial and natural. The first is planting seedlings or saplings, as well as sowing seeds. IN this year In this way, in the regions of the region, specialists carried out reforestation on an area of ​​4 thousand hectares, including planting coniferous seedlings on 2.5 thousand hectares. Sowing of seeds is used only in the Motyginsky, Kezhemsky and Boguchansky districts and was carried out on 1.5 thousand hectares in 2017. The natural method of reforestation in the region is widely used to promote natural forest regeneration by preserving viable undergrowth of coniferous trees during the development of cutting areas. In 2017, such events were held on an area of ​​9.1 thousand hectares. In addition, in the region, agrotechnical care of forest crops was carried out on an area of ​​4.8 thousand hectares, seeds were sown in nurseries on 19.4 hectares, forest crops were supplemented on 1.8 thousand hectares, and 2.1 tons of forest seeds of small conifers.

12. More than 500 hectares of forest were planted in the Altai Territory

In the Altai Territory, the results of the “Live, Forest!” campaign were summed up. 2,590 residents of the region took part in the events of the all-Russian action, mainly forest workers, youth, schoolchildren, social activists, and veterans.

Despite the fact that this event is traditionally held from September 1 to 30, in the Altai Territory events took place almost until the end of October. All this time, residents of the region cleared the forests of debris and planted new trees.

Foresters of the Altai Territory created 500 hectares of forests this fall: they planted 144 thousand seedlings and saplings of Scots pine, spruce, birch, rowan, and apple trees. In addition, we conducted 40 lessons and 154 lectures for children and adults.

Video from youtube.com/ https://www.youtube.com/embed/BDgNlMh9k_g

During the “Green Capital” project in 2010-2020, more than 100 thousand hectares of forest plantations will appear in the region in erosion-hazardous areas, in degraded and unproductive lands and water protection zones.

This year, almost 7.5 thousand hectares of forest were planted in the Belgorod region, reports the press service of the regional forest management.

Over the course of several decades, on lands unsuitable for Agriculture, and also created 90 thousand hectares of forest plantations to protect the soil from water and wind erosion.

These are mainly Scots pine and English oak. In Alekseevsky, Valuysky, Grayvoronsky forestry enterprises and in the forest fire center, 148.3 million seedlings and saplings of trees and shrubs were grown over seven years.

14. This year, the volume of reforestation in the Arkhangelsk region amounted to 65 thousand hectares. IN last years The region implements the principle according to which the annual areas of reforestation are comparable to the areas of logging.

This year, the volume of reforestation in the Arkhangelsk region amounted to 65 thousand hectares. In recent years, the region has been implementing the principle according to which the annual areas of reforestation are comparable to the areas of logging.

Among the municipalities of the region, the largest volumes of reforestation were provided by the Vinogradovsky (5148 hectares), Verkhnetoyemsky (5110 hectares), and Ustyansky (4404 hectares) districts. In the Velsk region this year, pine forest crops were planted from seedlings with improved hereditary properties. In a few years they plan to collect elite seed material here.

2017 also became a record year for the number of seedlings grown in the region - more than 16 million pieces. Of these, more than six million are planting material with a closed root system. In 2016, reforestation work in the Arkhangelsk region was carried out on an area of ​​63.5 thousand hectares. This is the second result in the country.

15. In 2017, the Kostroma region exceeded the plan for reforestation work

In 2017, the Kostroma region exceeded the planned targets for reforestation work. The activities were carried out on an area of ​​20.2 thousand hectares.

Among the subjects of the Central federal district The Kostroma region retains first place in terms of forest reproduction volumes.

Work on artificial reforestation was carried out on an area of ​​3,707 hectares (104% of the plan), combined - 897 hectares (116% of the plan) and natural - 15,649 hectares (105% of the plan).

An important stage in the process of creating and growing forest crops is agrotechnical care - a set of measures that are carried out to improve the conditions for the survival and growth of cultivated crops. tree species. Agrotechnical care was carried out in the Kostroma region on an area of ​​18,033 hectares (118% of the plan). In addition, the soil has been prepared for planting forest crops for the next year on a total area of ​​3,765 hectares (105% of the plan).

16. Planned reforestation work has been completed in Mordovia

Compared to 2016, the volume of reforestation increased by 30%.

Reforestation on the lands of the forest fund of Mordovia was carried out on an area of ​​1418 hectares, of which planting forest crops - on an area of ​​606 hectares, promoting natural reforestation - 780 hectares, combined reforestation - 32 hectares. To improve the conditions for tree growth, agrotechnical care was carried out for forest crops on an area of ​​6,687 hectares, and felling for young trees was carried out on 1,869 hectares.

For reforestation, planting material grown in a forest nursery on the territory of the Krasnoslobodsky territorial forestry was used.

Restoring the population of rare animals:

1. The Amur tiger population has grown by 15% over the past 10 years and is trending towards further growth

“Provided that tiger habitats are preserved and sufficient food supply is provided, we can increase the Amur tiger population in Russia to at least 700 individuals,” noted the Ministry of Natural Resources.

The Amur tiger population has grown by 15% over the past ten years and is trending towards further growth. Today, up to 540 individuals of the Amur tiger live in Russia, while (according to the previous census in 2005, the number of the Amur tiger was estimated at only 450 individuals).

Since 2007, the network of specially protected natural areas in the Far East has significantly expanded, including the creation of 6 new national parks in the Primorsky and Khabarovsk Territories, including Bikin, which covers key habitats of the Amur tiger.

Let us remember that in the 90s the situation with populations of large mammals, including rare ones, was close to catastrophic. There was a real threat of extinction of species such as the Far Eastern leopard, and the fate of the Amur tiger was of great concern.

The main reasons for this situation were large-scale poaching and habitat destruction, including as a result of massive illegal logging in the tiger's range. By the early 90s, the number of Amur tigers had decreased to 400 individuals.

In 2015, the Russian Ministry of Natural Resources, together with Rosprirodnadzor, regional authorities, public and scientific organizations, conducted a large-scale comprehensive census of the Amur tiger within its range. During the accounting, more than 150 thousand square meters were covered. km of tiger habitat in the south of the Far East. About one and a half thousand routes were laid to survey the territory and search for traces. About 2 thousand specialists took direct part in the field accounting stage. The widespread use of GPS/GLONASS navigators and camera traps, as well as control checks of a significant part of the routes taken, made it possible to achieve an unsurpassed level of assessment accuracy.

Reference

Russia is the only country where the number of tigers has increased significantly since the mid-20th century and has remained stable over the past 10 years. In the world as a whole, over the past hundred years the number of these predators has decreased by 97% - from 100 thousand to 3.9 thousand individuals. However, the joint efforts of the countries in which these animals live have brought long-awaited results in recent years: the number of tigers in the wild has increased from 3.2 thousand in 2010 to almost 3.9 thousand individuals in 2015.

In 2010, the Russian Ministry of Natural Resources approved the Strategy for the Conservation of the Amur Tiger in Russia, which determines the directions public policy Russian Federation in preserving the tiger population. The document was developed jointly with the Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, leading environmental organizations recognized by international experts. The strategy includes expanding the set of measures for the effective protection of the Amur tiger, its habitat and food supply, as well as optimizing the population monitoring system through the introduction of modern GLONASS technologies, strengthening criminal and administrative liability for poaching and illegal hunting.

2. The population of Przewalski’s horses is being restored in the Orenburg Nature Reserve (Ecology News)

16 Przewalski's horses arrived in the Orenburgsky Nature Reserve from the Hungarian Hortobágy National Park as part of the program to create a semi-free population of Przewalski's horse. 12 mares and four bachelor stallions arrived on a special flight.

The reserve has the largest horse paddock in the world with an area of ​​more than 165 km2. The animals of the semi-free population are located on a large area of ​​virgin steppe, which also makes the reserve unique,” ​​said the reserve’s spokeswoman.

“To create a stable, self-sustaining population of Przewalski’s horse, the reserve needs at least 30 founders belonging to different breeding lines,” the Orenburgsky reserve reported.

In 2015, the Russian Ministry of Natural Resources, with the participation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, developed and is implementing in the reserve the first and only program in Russia to restore the Przewalski’s horse population.

As part of the program, in July 2015, the territory of the Orenburgsky Nature Reserve was expanded by adding the Pre-Ural Steppe cluster area with an area of ​​16,538 hectares, where the Przewalski’s Horse Reintroduction Center was created.

In October 2015, the first 6 animals from the Tour du Valais biological station (France) were transported to the reserve. During the year, the horses underwent acclimatization under the supervision of Russian specialists, and on October 3, 2016, they were released into the wild from the acclimatization pen.

Last year, 14 more animals were brought to the reserve.

Currently, 36 Przewalski's horses live on the territory of the reserve.

By 2030, it is planned to create a semi-free population of these animals numbering at least 100 individuals.

Director of the reserve N. Sudets noted that horses help preserve the steppes of the region.

3. Six bison - five girls and one boy - appeared this year in the Bryansk Forest nature reserve.

Six bison - five girls and one boy - appeared this year in the Bryansk Forest nature reserve.

Five girls at once out of six newborns in one season - such a successful “harvest” for bison has never happened in the Bryansk Forest Nature Reserve. The first bison of this year was recorded by camera traps back in May, the last - in October. Now we can already say: all the babies are healthy, eating well and ready to face the winter in the general herd.

The bison restoration program has been actively working in the Bryansk Forest since 2011. Taking into account the babies born, the population of Bryansk bison now stands at 48 individuals.

“Last year we also had six newborn bison. But the difference is in the “quality” of the composition: out of the last six, five were boys, and this year it’s exactly the opposite. And this is a real gift!” the message quotes the words of the director of the reserve, Alexander Nikitenkov.

Since there is a numerical superiority of males over females in the Bryansk bison population, the birth of five females at once was a significant event.

The first bison, Methodius, born on the territory of the Bryansk Forest Nature Reserve, recently turned 6 years old. Methodius was born in the reserve at the very beginning of the program to restore the bison population.

Methodius became the biggest event in the beginning of the program to restore the free-living population of the European bison in the Bryansk Forest: the first newborn bison in the Bryansk forests. The reserve staff working with the bison did not even immediately publish this news: traditionally, it is better not to show the baby to anyone for the first few months!

Methodius is now unrecognizable: from a cute baby he has turned into a huge bull. But specialists who constantly work with bison, feed them, and care for bison, know by sight many animals, including Methodius. Methodius's mother, the bison Feisha, gave birth in the Bryansk Forest, in addition to a beautiful boy, to an equally beautiful girl, Feya. The bison is no longer there, she was brought by a very adult female, and her offspring are playing important roles in a herd of Bryansk bison.

On December 2, a new group of 11 bison was sent from the Prioksko-Terrasny Nature Reserve in the Moscow Region to the Bryansk Forest. She will replenish the semi-free population of relatives living in the Bryansk region. It is specified that the group consists of three females and eight males. The age of the animals is from 4 to 5 years.

An interregional program for the conservation of Russian bison was developed in Russia in 1997, and in 1998 a working group was created, which subsequently adopted the “Strategy for the conservation of bison in Russia.” Work to create a semi-free population began in the Oryol Polesie National Park.

Now the semi-free population of bison in the Oryol, Bryansk and Kaluga regions numbers more than 500 animals. In the international scientific community, Russia is recognized as the only country in Europe where the revival of bison in the wild is possible.

4. Bison are taking over Smolensk forests

November 23 in the national park "Smolensk Poozerie" from the enclosures in natural environment released the first 11 bison, thereby beginning the formation of a free-living population.

In natural conditions were a 5-year-old male brought from the Yaroslavl Zoo, five females captured in the Republic of Belarus, and their offspring - three males born this year and two one-year-old females. All the young were born in the national park.

Before release, one of the adult females was fitted with a collar with a navigator and a device for sending SMS. This device sends messages with the coordinates of the bison's location.

In addition, samples of genetic material were taken from this individual, and injections of the Combovac vaccine and an anthelmintic drug were given.

5. In Yakutia, the population of forest bison, which lived on the territory of the republic more than 6 thousand years ago, is being restored.

On November 23, wood bison, the same age as mammoths, were released for free grazing. On the Eurasian continent, the only place where bison live is in Yakutia.

22 adult individuals and 8 calves were released from the Tympynai nursery into the adjacent territory of the Sinyaya natural park in the Mountain region. Three bison were equipped with satellite radio collars.

Any hunting activity will be limited in the release area, except for regulating the number of large predatory animals.

Bison is the most numerous species of mammoth fauna. Half of the total number of all bones found during expeditions in Yakutia are bison, followed by horses and mammoths. Wood bison lived on the territory of the republic in ancient times; individual remains date back to the 5th-6th millennium BC.

To be continued…